不同家庭控烟方式对婴幼儿可替宁水平和急性呼吸道感染的影响  

A study on the effect of different family tobacco control patterns on cotinine level and acute respiratory infections among infants

作　　者：林楚君[1] 徐武秀[1] 徐武敏[1] 张凤飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州医科大学附属第二医院儿童感染科,浙江温州325027

出　　处：《预防医学》2016年第9期896-898,902,共4页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

摘　　要：目的研究不同家庭控烟方式对婴幼儿可替宁水平和急性呼吸道感染(ARI)的影响。方法选择300名居家婴幼儿为研究对象,根据家庭控烟方式分为严格控烟组97人、部分控烟组88人和未控烟组115人,测量尿可替宁水平,并进行为期1年的前瞻性随访,记录随访期间ARI发生情况。结果严格控烟组可替宁的平均水平为(0.45±0.21)μg/L,明显低于部分控烟组(1.01±0.49)μg/L和未控烟组(1.16±0.48)μg/L(P<0.05),但部分控烟组与未控烟组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。严格控烟组下呼吸道感染发生率为18.75%,明显低于部分控烟组的32.18%和未控烟组的37.72%(P<0.05);上呼吸道感染次数、下呼吸道感染次数在三组间分别作比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。严格控烟组发生上、下呼吸道感染的比例明显低于部分控烟组和未控烟组(P<0.05),但部分控烟组与未控烟组的上、下呼吸道感染的发生比例比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论室内严格禁烟有助于减少婴幼儿被动吸烟和ARI的发生。Objective To explore the effect of different family tobacco control patterns on cotinine level and acute respiratory infections among infants. Methods A total of 300 infants were included, and were divided into 3 groups based on the tobacco control patterns： strictly tobacco - controlled group （97 cases）,partly tobacco - controlled group （88 cases） and tobacco - uncontrolled group （115 cases）. Urinary cotinine was measured in all participants. All participants were prospectively followed - up for 1 year, and the incidence of acute respiratory infections was recorded during the follow -up. Results The cotinine level of strictly tobacco - controlled group [ 0. 45 ± 0. 21 （ jjig/L） ] was significantly lower than the other two groups [ 1. 01 ± 0. 49 （ ｜jig/L）,1. 16 ± 0. 48 （ jjig/L）, P 〈 0. 05 ],and no significant differences were detected between the partly tobacco - controlled group and tobacco - uncontrolled group. The incidence of lower respiratory tract infection,not the upper respiratory tract infections, was significant different among the 3 groups （ strictly tobacco - controlled group： 18. 75% ; partly tobacco - controlled group： 32. 18% ; tobacco - uncontrolled group： 37. 72% ） （P 〈 0. 05） . The number of upper respiratory tract infections and lower respiratory tract infections was significantly different among the three groups. The difference was significant between strictly tobacco - controlled group and partly tobacco - controlled group and between strictly tobacco - controlled group and tobacco - uncontrolled group （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . Conclusion Strict tobacco control could reduce the prevalence of passive smoking and the incidence of respiratory infections among infants.

关 键 词：控烟 婴幼儿 可替宁 急性呼吸道感染 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]