2005年至2014年内江市流行性乙型脑炎流行特征及临床分析  

Epidemiological Characteristics and Clinical Analysis of Japanese B Encephalitis in Neijiang 2005-2014

作　　者：邓德明[1,2] 皮丹丹[1] 刘成军[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院,重庆400014 [2]内江市第二人民医院,四川内江641000

出　　处：《四川医学》2016年第9期1014-1017,共4页Sichuan Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的：分析2005年至2014年内江市流行性乙型脑炎（以下简称乙脑）流行情况、临床特征以及在乙脑控制工作中存在的问题,从而为制定更加科学有效的防制策略提供依据。方法采用描述性统计学方法对2005至2014年内江市乙脑炎疫情资料进行流行病学分析。结果2005至2014年内江市乙脑共报告病例162例,年平均发病率为0．3795/10万；2008年为发病高峰,年发病率达0．9681/10万；0~14岁组人群为该病的主要发病人群,占总发病人数的97．53%；职业分布以学生、散居儿童、幼托儿童为主,占发病总数的96．91%。发病时间主要集中在7~8月,8月形成发病高峰。结论内江市乙脑发病率2008年前处于相对较高水平,2009年后明显下降；病例高度散发,发病有明显季节性；患者主要为0~14岁人群。为避免造成乙脑的传播和流行,须进一步完善预防接种,控制媒介传播,健康教育和加强监测等综合性防治措施。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and problems in control of Japanese encephalitis （JB）in Neijiang from 2005 to 2014,and provide a basis for more scientific and effective JE prevention and control strategies. Methods Descriptive statistics was used to retrospectively analyze the epidemic data of JE collected from 2005 to 2014 in Nei-jiang. Results From 2005 to 2014,the accumulated total number was 162. The annual average incidence rate was 0. 3795/100 000. The incidence reached the peak in 2008,with an annual incidence of 0. 9681/100 000. Children under 14 years old took 97. 53% of the total cases. A proportion of occupational distribution was mainly students,scattered children and kindergarten chil-dren,accounting for 96. 91% of the total cases. The prevalence season was between July and August with the peak in August. Con-clusion The incidence of JE in Neijiang was at a relatively high level before 2008,and decreased significantly after 2009. It was highly sporadic in Neijiang,and the seasonal variation of JE was obvious. Most of cases were from zero to 14 years old. To avoid the spread of JE epidemic,comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken such as amelioration of vaccination,control of vector-borne,health education and strengthening of monitor.

关 键 词：流行性乙型脑炎 流行特征 传染病 

分 类 号：R512.32[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]