综合干预对小学生视力的影响  

Effect of comprehensive intervention on vision of primary students

作　　者：李贵英[1] 杨明辉 欧阳运富[3] 

机构地区：[1]常州市疾病预防控制中心非传染病与学校卫生防制所,江苏常州213022 [2]常州市钟楼区疾病预防控制中心综合卫生科,江苏常州213002 [3]常州市疾病预防控制中心检测中心,江苏常州213022

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第16期2271-2274,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的 探讨综合干预法对小学生各年级视力的影响。方法 采用整群抽样方法选择常州市钟楼区2所办学规模与硬件设施相当的小学,在2014年4月底对所有研究对象进行基线视力检查,选择基线、终期视力检查均有效的一至五年级学生3 159人,其中干预组1 480人,在开展正常防近活动的基础上,采取综合干预措施,对照组1 679人,按照区里及学校的安排正常开展各种防近活动,2015年5月初进行终期视力检查并对干预效果进行分析。结果 干预组除一年级学生外其他年级学生干预后视力均有不同程度提高,各年级轻度及重度视力不良检出率均有下降,学生总体视力不良检出率明显下降,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;对照组一至四年级学生1 a后视力均有明显下降,差异有统计学意义（t〉3.3,P〈0.01）,五年级学生视力1 a后有下降,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;对照组中度及重度视力不良学生比例均有明显提高,各年级学生视力不良检出率均增加,差异均有统计学意义（χ^2=116.82,P〈0.01）。结论 综合干预对控制小学生视力下降有明显作用,可以推广应用。[Objective] To evaluate the effect of comprehensive intervention on vision of primary students in different grade. [Methods] Two primary schools which have analogous scale and hardware facilities were collected from Zhonglou District of Changzhou with cluster sampling method, and a baseline visual examination was performed at the end of April in 2014. 3159 students in grade 1-5, who had the effective results of baseline and final examinations, were enrolled in the study. 1480 students in the intervention group were given the comprehensive intervention measures on the basis of routine myopia prevention and control measures. 1679 students in the control group received the routine myopia prevention and control measures according to the district-level and school strategies. The final visual examination was conducted at the beginning of May in 2015, to analyze the intervention effect. [Results] In the intervention group, the visions of the primary students improved in varying degrees except grade 1, the detection rates of light and severe poor vision decreased in every grade, the total detection rate of poor vision decreased, and the difference were statistically significant （P〈0.005）. In the control group, the visions of the primary students in grade 1-4 decreased after one year, and the differences were statistically significant （t〉3.3, P〈0.01 ）, while the visions of students in grade 5 decreased after one year, but the difference was not statistically significant （P〉0.05）. In the control group, the proportions of students with moderate and severe poor vision, while the detection rates of poor vision increased in every grade, and the differences were statistically significant （χ^2=116.82,P〈0.01）. [Conclusion] Comprehensive intervention has effective effect on prevention and control of myopia, and it can be popularized.

关 键 词：综合干预 小学生 视力 

分 类 号：R139[医药卫生—劳动卫生]