美国主流媒体的中国多民族国家形象报道框架分析  

The Coverage of American Mainstream Media on China as a Multi-ethnic Nation

作　　者：高卫华[1] 贾梦梦[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学文学与新闻传播学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《新闻大学》2016年第4期1-10,148,共10页Journalism Research

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目"中华优秀传统文化传承体系研究"阶段性成果(12﹠ZD018)

摘　　要：多民族国家形象,是国际体系中其他行为体对一个由多民族共同组成的国家的感知、看法和评价。本文选取CNN、《纽约时报》、《华盛顿邮报》有关中国少数民族的部分报道进行内容分析,发现美国主流媒体对我国少数民族的报道呈现明显的冲突倾向,新闻框架与信源选择存在先入为主的偏见,历史与现实的交织对立以及对不同群体的描述均以负面为主。影响美国主流媒体报道框架的因素有宏观的政治、历史和文化因素,也有微观的媒介生态以及记者的传播心理等因素。中国在国际社会构建多民族国家形象,应疏通信息渠道,构建传播元话语,改变简单化叙事以及增强民间交流等。The image of a multi-ethnic country includes the perception, views and evaluations that another entity holds to a multi-ethnic country in the world. This paper selects coverages randomly on CNN, 'New York Times' and 'Washington Post' reporting on China's ethnic minorities and analyzes how the US mainstream media build the image of China as a multi-ethnic country. The study finds that US mainstream media present a clear conflict-prone tendency and preconceive prejudices in their news frames and choice of sources. The conscious mentions of previous histories as well as descriptions of different groups show a negative image of multi-ethnic China. The paper reveals that the factors that affect American mainstream media's practice lie in not only macro-frameworks of politics, history and culture, but also microscopic scope of media ecology and reporters' psychology. To build a positive multi-ethnic image of China in the international community, we should clear information channels, build metadiscourse to voice our authoritative arguments and enhance nongovernmental exchanges.

关 键 词：中国 多民族国家形象 美国媒体 报道框架 

分 类 号：G219[文化科学—新闻学]