吉林省主要类型农田土壤中玉米产量和氮肥利用率的研究  

Studies on Maize Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency on Major Types of Arable Soils in Jilin Province

作　　者：李梦瑶[1] 王永[1] 吉凡[1] 王开爽[1] 高淑青[1] 王莉[1] 曹志远[1] 张晋京[1] 王立春[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118 [2]吉林省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,长春130033

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2016年第4期53-57,共5页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B02);吉林省科技发展计划项目(LFGC14301)

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验,比较吉林省6种主要类型农田土壤在不同施氮量（0、0.10、0.14、0.16和0.18 g N/kg土,相当于田间施用量0、168、240、270和312 kg N/hm2）条件下的玉米产量及氮肥利用率,分析了玉米子粒产量和氮肥偏生产力与土壤性质之间的关系。结果表明：随施氮量的增加,玉米子粒产量也趋于增加,而氮肥偏生产力（PFPN）趋于降低;不同类型土壤相比,平均玉米子粒产量为白浆土〉暗棕壤〉草甸土〉冲积土〉黑土〉风沙土,平均PFPN为暗棕壤〉白浆土〉草甸土〉冲积土〉黑土〉风沙土。相关分析指出,玉米子粒产量和PFPN与土壤粉粒（0.02~0.002 mm）含量、总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度和田间持水量之间呈线性正相关,与土壤细砂粒（0.2~0.02 mm）含量、0.25~0.05 mm微团聚体含量、容重、p H值、脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性之间呈线性负相关。A pot-cultured experiment was carried out to investigate the grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency ofspring maize in six major types of farmland under different nitrogen fertilizer rates（i.e., 0, 0.10, 0.14, 0.16 and 0.18 g N/kg soil, equivalent to 0, 168, 240, 270 and 312 kg N/hm2 in the field experiment）. The correlations betweenmaize grain yield and partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer（PFPN） with soil properties were evaluated. Theresults showed that the maize grain yield tended to increase whereas the PFPNtended to decrease with the increas-ing nitrogen fertilizer rates. For the different types of soil, the average of maize grain yield was in such order： albicsoil dark brown soil meadow soil alluvium soil black soil aeolian sandy soil. The average of PFPNwas darkbrown soil albic soil meadow soil alluvium soil black soil aeolian sandy soil. The maize grain yield and PF-PNwere positively correlated with the silt（0.02-0.002 mm） content, total porosity, capillary porosity, and field capac-ity of soils, and negatively correlated with the fine sand（0.2-0.02 mm） content, microaggregate（0.25-0.05 mm） con-tent, bulk density, p H value, and urease and acid phosphatase activities of soils.

关 键 词：施氮量 氮肥偏生产力 玉米产量 土壤性质 

分 类 号：S158.062[农业科学—土壤学]