基于CROPWAT的泾惠渠灌区玉米和棉花灌溉需水量时空分布研究  

Based on the CROPWAT Temporal-spatial Distribution Research of Crop Irrigation Requirement Water in Jinhui Irrigation Area

作　　者：宋扬[1,2] 周维博[1,2] 李慧[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,西安710054 [2]长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,西安710054

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2016年第9期124-128,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD29B0104)

摘　　要：基于泾惠渠灌区30a的气象资料,采用CROPWAT模型分析了泾惠渠灌区作物蒸发蒸腾量及灌溉需水量的变化,并运用SPSS软件,计算了灌区作物需水量与气象因子的相关系数。分析表明:玉米蒸发蒸腾量平均值为524.33mm,蒸发蒸腾量高峰期出现在7月中旬到8月下旬;棉花蒸发蒸腾量平均值为869.13mm,峰值出现时间与玉米一致;灌区玉米在抽雄-开花期灌溉需水量为130.12mm,籽粒形成-乳熟期灌溉需水量为359.32mm,9月下旬以后,灌溉需水量下降;棉花生育期需水量空间分布比较均匀,平均值为869 mm,整个灌区灌溉需水量平均值为453.6mm,棉花苗床期灌溉需水量开始增加,花铃期达到最大值,吐絮期灌溉需水量减小;灌区作物需水量与气温呈正相关,与降水呈负相关,与风速和相对湿度相关性较小,与日照时数相关性较大。Based on 30 a of meteorological data in Jinghui irrigation district, this article analyzed transpiration and evaporation, and irrigation water requirement change of maize by using CROPWAT model, and calculated the correlation coefficient of crop water re quirement with meteorological factors by using SPSS software, the analysis showed that the average transpiration and evaporation of maize was 524. 33 mm, and the peak appears in the middle of July to late August, the average transpiration and evaporation of cotton was 869. 13 ram, Peak time consistent with corn; Irrigation of corn in tasseling flowering period, irrigation water requirement is 130. 12 mm, grain formation milk stage, water requirement of 359.32 mm, until late September, corn irrigation water drop; the spatial distribution of water requirement is more uniform, the average is 869 mm, the average of irrigation water requirement is 453.6 mm in whole district, cotton seedling bed irrigation water demand began to increase, peak during the blooming period, wad ding stages irrigation requirement began to reduce; Positive correlation between temperature and irrigation water requirement, and negatively correlated with precipitation, smaller correlation with wind speed and relative humidity, and sunshine time correlation is bigger.

关 键 词：泾惠渠灌区 玉米 棉花 灌溉需水量 SPSS软件 需水量时空分布 

分 类 号：S271[农业科学—农业水土工程]