西藏半干旱区3种柏树鳞叶结构的抗旱特征研究  

Study on the drought-resistant characteristics of scale leaves structure of three Cypress species in semi-arid region of Tibet

作　　者：江川[1] 杨东升[1] 侯磊[1] 张志伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]西藏大学农牧学院资源与环境学院,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《中国园艺文摘》2016年第9期14-19,共6页Chinese Horticulture Abstracts

基　　金：西藏自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2015ZR-14-33)

摘　　要：采用生物显微制片技术,对西藏半干旱区3种柏树鳞叶的解剖结构进行观察,测定其角质层厚度、表皮厚度、下皮层厚度、绿色薄壁组织厚度、树脂道直径和主脉直径等6个旱性结构指标,并用方差分析和隶属函数法对种间抗旱性进行综合评价。结果表明:3种柏树具有典型的旱生结构——叶退化为鳞叶;具有较厚的角质层;表皮细胞壁加厚;栅栏组织、维管组织和转输组织发达;具有粘液细胞和树脂道等。6个旱性结构指标中,除绿色薄壁组织厚度无显著差异外,其余指标在各树种间均为极显著(P<0.01)或差异显著(P<0.05);筛选出3项具有代表性的旱性结构指标——角质层厚度、下皮层厚度和主脉直径。3种柏树的抗旱性大小顺序为:香柏>大果圆柏>巨柏。The scale leaves anatomical structure of 3 Cypress species were observed and measured by using eco anatomical method. The 6 xeromorphic indexes including the cuticle thickness, epidermis thickness, hypodermis thickness, green parenchyma thickness, diameter of resin canal and diameter of vascular bundle of main vein were determined and researched by variance analysis. The drought resistances between species were evaluated by membership function. The results showed that scale leaves of 3 Cypress species has typical xerophyte structure such as scale leaves, mucilage cells and resin duct, relatively thick cuticles, developed epidermis cell wall, developed vascular tissue and palisade tissues etc. All kinds of structural indexes had mighty discrepancy （P〈0.01） or significant differences （P〈0.05） except green parenchyma thickness that is not remarkable difference between the 3 Cypress species. Three typical xeromorphic indexes： cuticle thickness, hypodermis thickness and diameter of vascular bundle of main vein were selected by analysis of variance. The order of drought resistance capability of 3 Cypress species was： Sabina pingii var. wilsonii〉S, tibetica〉Cupressus gigantea.

关 键 词：半干旱区 柏树 解剖结构 抗旱性 西藏 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]