2014年北海舰队海军入伍新兵近视手术情况调查分析  

Analysis of LASIK surgery on new recruits in the Chinese People＇s Liberation Army Navy in 2014

作　　者：李珍[1] 杜改萍[1] 镡鲁滨[1] 卓伟[2] 黄一飞[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军401医院眼科,青岛266071 [2]中国人民解放军92196部队医院,266000 [3]中国人民解放军总医院,北京100853

出　　处：《中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志》2016年第8期483-487,共5页Chinese Journal Of Optometry Ophthalmology And Visual Science

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金（2012M521877）

摘　　要：目的 对2014年海军入伍新兵行近视手术情况进行调查，为部队新兵入伍的眼部标准提供参考。方法 横断面调查研究。选取青岛北海舰队新兵训练基地2014年海军新入伍所有男性新兵1 990例，在眼科入伍体检复检时，填写调查问卷，包括年龄、籍贯、学历、术前近视度数、手术方式、手术时间、手术医院以及术后不适感。根据术前屈光度数分为低度近视组和高度近视组，并根据手术后时间不同分为≤6个月组和〉6个月组，分别对两组术后不适感进行比较。组间样本率的比较采取卡方检验。结果 调查的1 990例新兵分别来自12个省、直辖市，其中曾行近视激光手术的新兵210例（420眼），占10.55%。手术方式中，准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术（LASIK） 154例 （73.3%），飞秒激光制瓣的LASIK 24例（11.4%），准分子激光角膜上皮瓣下磨镶术（LASEK） 28例（13.3%），飞秒激光小切口角膜基质透镜取出术（SMILE）3例（1.5%），有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体植入术（ICL） 1例（0.5%）。术后不适感包括阅读疲劳感33例（15.7%），夜视力下降15例（7.1%），眩光10例（4.7%），重影8例 （3.8%）。干眼的患者43例（20.5%）。低度近视组和中高度近视组，术后存在阅读疲劳感、夜视力下降、眩光、重影患者比例比较差异均有统计学意义（χ^2=5.339、5.271、4.508、6.117，P〈0.05）；术后时间≤6个月组和〉6个月组夜视力下降、阅读疲劳和干眼差异有统计学意义（χ^2=3.940、4.516、5.418，P〈0.05），而眩光、重影2组比较差异无统计学意义（χ^2=0.606、0.609，P〉0.05）。结论 新兵近视激光手术术后不适感与术前近视度数和距离手术时间有关。新兵应征入伍的眼部体检标准应该对屈光手术前近视的度数，手术后时间以及视觉标准进行更细致的划分。Objective To investigate refractive surgery on new recruits in the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Navy in 2014 in the Qingdao north China sea fleet, as well as to provide a reference for the design of a vision monitoring system. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 1990 new recruits in the Chinese People’s Liberation Army Navy in the north China sea fleet were interviewed and underwent routine examinations for visual acuity, intraocular pressure, refraction and slit-lamp microscopy. Patients were divided into low myopia group and media high myopia group according to preoperative spherical equivalent, and ≤6 months group and 〉6 months group according to postoperative time. The differences in the sample rate between the two groups were analyzed with a chi-square test. Results All 1990 new recruits came from 12 provinces and direct-controlled municipalities. A total of 210 new recruits （10.55%） had undergone LASIK surgery before joining the army. The surgical procedures included 154 cases of LASIK （73.3%）, 28 cases of LASEK （13.3%）, 24 cases of femtosecond LASIK （11.4%）, 3 cases of SMILE （1.5%） and 1 case of ICL （0.5%）. Postoperative complications included reading fatigue in 33 cases （15.7%）, diminution of night vision in 15 cases （7.1%） and glare in 10 cases （4.7%）, double image in 8 cases （3.8%）, and dry eye in 43 cases （20.5%）. There were statistically significant differences in postoperative complications between the low myopia group and the moderate and high myopia groups （χ^2=5.339, 5.271, 4.508, 6.117, P〈0.05）. There were statistically significant differences between the ≤6 months group and the 〉6 months group in diminution of night vision, reading fatigue and dry eyes （χ^2=3.940, 4.516, 5.418, P〈0.05）. There were no statistically significant differences between the ≤6 month group and the 〉6 month group in diminution of night vision and glare （χ^2=0.606, 0.609, P〉0.05）. Conclusion The recruits′ postoperative

关 键 词：屈光外科手术 手术后并发症 征兵 

分 类 号：R821.2[医药卫生—临床医学]