饲料蛋白水平对多鳞白甲鱼亲鱼生长、体组成与性腺的影响  

Effects of dietary protein levels on growth, body composition and gonad of Varicorhinus macrolepis broodstock

作　　者：刘勇[1] 周继术[1] 吉红[1] 于海波[1] 董武子[1] 王涛[1] 刘海侠[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《饲料工业》2016年第16期20-26,共7页Feed Industry

基　　金：陕西省水利科技计划项目[2015slkj-09];杨凌示范区农业科技示范推广能力提升项目[2014-TS-36];西北农林科技大学科技创新[Z109021512];西北农林科技大学科研启动专项[2452015277];安康市科技计划[2014AK02-12]

摘　　要：为研究不同蛋白水平对多鳞白甲鱼亲鱼生长、体组成与性腺发育的影响,采用鱼粉、豆粕等常规原料配制蛋白水平分别为30%（CP30）、33%（CP33）、36%（CP36）、39%（CP39）和42%（CP42）的5组等脂饲料。将450尾多鳞白甲鱼三龄亲鱼[（26.53±0.37）g]随机分为5组,每组三个重复,分别饲喂以上5组试验饲料。经过66 d饲喂,测定鱼体生长、生物学性状、体组成并进行鱼体性腺组织学观察。结果表明,不同蛋白水平下多鳞白甲鱼亲鱼生长无显著差异;雌鱼腹腔脂肪指数与性腺指数均随饲料蛋白水平的增加而增加,其中性腺指数在CP39组达最高水平（P〈0.05）,腹腔脂肪指数在CP36~CP42组即达最高水平,雌鱼其它生物学性状与雄鱼各生物学性状在组间均无显著差异。随饲料蛋白水平的升高,鱼体性腺粗蛋白含量下降,全鱼或肌肉粗蛋白含量不受影响（P〉0.05）。随蛋白水平的增加,鱼体腹腔脂肪组织和性腺分别与饲料脂肪酸的相关系数均呈增加趋势。随饲料蛋白水平的增加,雌鱼卵母细胞个体越大,发育成熟度越高,但当蛋白水平过高（39%~42%）,雌鱼卵母细胞呈现一定的过熟状态。结果显示,饲料蛋白水平的增加不影响多鳞白甲鱼亲鱼的生长,但对雌鱼性腺发育有影响,多鳞白甲鱼亲鱼的蛋白需求水平以36%~39%为宜。To study the effects of dietary protein levels on growth, body composition and gonad of Vari- eorhinus maerolepis broodstock, fish meal, soybean meal and other normal feed resources were used to formulated five diets with different protein levels： 30%（CP30）, 33%（CP33）, 36%（CP36）, 39%（CP39） and 42%（CP42）, where the lipid level was the same. Total 450 Varieorhinus maerolepis [（26.53±0.37 g）], being three years old, were randomly divided into 5 groups （triplicate per group） and were feed 5 diets above respectively. After 66 days of feeding, growth, biological parameters, body composition and fe- male gonad histological observation of fish were determined. Results showed that growth of Varieorhi- nus maerolepis broodstock was not significantly different among five groups; Intraperitoneal fat index and the gonad index of the female fish increased with the increase of dietary protein levels, where gonad index reached the highest level in CP39 group （P〈O.05） and intraperitoneal fat index was at the highest level in CP36 and CP42 group; other biological parameters of females and all bi- ological parameters of the males were not affect- ed by dietary protein levels. Crude protein of go- nads in fish decreased significantly as dietary protein level increased （P〈0.05）. The correlation coefficient of fatty acid composition between abdomi- nal adipose tissue, the gonads and diets increased with the increase of dietary protein levels. The oo- cytes were increasingly bigger and more maturity with the increase of dietary protein levels, while they showed over-maturity as the dietary protein levels were too high （39%-42%）. Results showed that growth of Varicorbinus maerolepis was not affected by dietary protein levels, while the gonad develop- ment in females was significantly affected by protein levels, which showed that the appropriate dietary protein requirement levels of Varicorhinus maerolepis in brood stock is 36%-39%.

关 键 词：多鳞白甲鱼 亲鱼 蛋白质水平 生长 体组成 性腺 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]