荷斯坦牛产奶量、挤奶效率、牛奶电导率与活动量的关联性分析.  

Correlations between Milk Yield, Milking Efficiency, Milk Conductivity and Activity of Holstein Cows

作　　者：胡仁超[1] 梅楚刚 昝林森[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学,杨凌712100 [2]国家肉牛改良中心,杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2016年第8期13-17,共5页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD12B07)

摘　　要：本试验共收集了山西南部地区某牧场冬季（2015年10月、11月、12月和2016年1月）开放式牛舍条件下荷斯坦牛的80 158条电子记录,该记录储存了600头泌乳牛的活动量、产奶量、牛奶电导率、挤奶时间的相关数据。通过分析得出奶牛胎次、泌乳天数等对奶牛活动量的影响以及奶牛产奶量、挤奶效率和牛奶电导率与活动量之间的相互关系。结果表明：不同胎次泌乳牛活动量之间差异极显著（P〈0.01）。随着泌乳天数的增加,奶牛活动量有下降趋势。活动量在90-110步/h时,个体产奶量和挤奶效率最高。挤奶效率与产奶量之间呈极显著正相关（R=0.992,P〈0.01）,奶牛产奶量高的个体挤奶效率也较高。因此,在实际生产中,可将挤奶效率作为核心群选育的标准之一。此外,本研究结果发现,电导率大于10后,奶产量和活动量均下降,通过CMT检测及与DHI体细胞数的对比,证实与隐性乳房炎有明确的关系。因此,可将检测牛奶电导率是否大于10作为判断奶牛是否患有隐性乳房炎的预测手段,该研究结果为该地区奶牛隐性乳房炎检测提供了一种简单快捷的方法。Behavioral monitoring may be useful to assess the state of health and comfort of farm animals. The experiment collected 80158 electronic records of Holstein cows in winter included pedometer activity data, milk yield, milk electrical conductivity and milking time. The objective was to use the records to analyze the impact of parities and lactation days on the activity and the relationship between cows activity, milk yield, milking efficiency and milk electrical conductivity. The restllts showed that cows daily activity had extremely significant difference amoug parities （P〈0.01）. With the increase of lactation days, cows activity falling. Milk yield and milking efficiency content peaked at 90-110 steps/h of cows activity. There was significant positive correlation between milking efficiency and milk yield （R=0.992, P〈0.01 ）. Milk yield increased gradually with the increase of milking efficiency. Alter the conductivity is greater than 10, milk yield and activity quantity were all decreased. Use the milk yield curve with conductivity could to determine the conductivity of recessive mastitis.

关 键 词：活动量 奶产量 挤奶效率 电导率 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]