新型模块化永磁轮毂电机的原理及其电压相位控制  

Working Principle of Novel Modular Permanent Magnet Wheel Hub Motor and its Control of Voltage Phase

作　　者：孙楚[1] 白龙[1] 张健[1] 周元钧[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学自动化科学与电气工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《微电机》2016年第8期1-7,共7页Micromotors

摘　　要：本文针对电动汽车对转矩/功率特性的要求,提出了一种基于U型电磁铁的新型永磁轮毂电机,并对其转矩特性和电压相位控制进行了研究。通过机电能量转换关系建立了电机的数学模型,重点推导了电磁转矩的表达式,采用3D有限元方法进行电磁瞬态仿真,得到了电机的定子永磁磁链和永磁转矩、线圈磁阻转矩以及永磁体磁阻转矩的特性。分析表明,永磁转矩是该种电机的主要转矩,且受控于电机的电压与电流的幅值和相位。根据电流、磁链和转矩的关系,对电压相位控制策略进行了研究,得到了电压相位提前导通角与转速和电流的近似关系。最后通过对一台5相4极结构电机的设计和仿真分析,获得了较高的功率输出和效率,验证了电机原理和控制策略的正确性。In response to the demand for torque and lar permanent magnet wheel hub motor was proposed power characteristics of electric vehicles, a novel modu- based on the interaction between U-shaped electromag- net and permanent magnet, and investigation was made on the torque characteristics and control strategy of voltage phase. According to the electromechanical energy conversion relationship, mathematical model of the motor was developed with electromagnetic torque formula derived in particular. By employing 3D finite ele- ment analysis, transit electromagnetic model was established, which as a result obtained the characteristics of permanent flux linked by the stator and the three parts of torque including permanent magnet torque, reluc- tance torque of phase windings and reluctance torque of permanent magnets. It is indicated that permanent magnet torque is the predominant part of the torque which can be controlled by amplitude and phase of the voltage and current. In view of the relationship between torque and current as well as flux, control of voltage phase with respect to that of the permanent flux was discussed to develop the approximate correlation of prior angle of voltage versus speed and current. Design and simulation of a 5-to-4 motor verified the working prin- ciple and feasibility of the control strategy with desirable power output and efficiency.

关 键 词：模块化 永磁轮毂电机 机电能量转换 有限元方法 电压相位控制 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]