BRIEF和PLIBEL方法在评价航空搬运工人肌肉骨骼疾患中的应用  

Application of BRIEF and PLIBEL in evaluation on WMSDs among handling workers of civil aviation

作　　者：唐丽华[1] 王忠旭[2] 张蔚[2] 何丽华[3] 凌瑞杰[4] 张雪艳[2] 曹扬[3] 靖惠超 黄红坤[5] 周文龙[5] 

机构地区：[1]中国民航管理干部学院,北京100102 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050 [3]北京大学劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,北京100191 [4]湖北省新华医院,湖北武汉430015 [5]武汉科技大学,湖北武汉430081

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2016年第4期248-251,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

基　　金："十二.五"科技支撑项目(编号:2014BAI12B03);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:81172643)

摘　　要：目的探讨民航搬运作业工人工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs)的危险部位及工效学因素。方法应用BRIEF和PLIBEL方法,对北方某大型国际机场货运公司249名健康男性搬运工人的作业姿势、力量、持续时间和动作频率以及17个相关工效学问题进行现场调查与观测。结果机场搬运作业以手腕部WMSDs发生风险为最高,其次为背、肩和手肘部。不同作业发生风险的部位略有差异,行李分拣作业依次为手腕、背和肩部,工效学因素主要来自用力使用不便抓握的工具、无支撑站姿伴背部前屈与扭转、重复或持续性负荷提举和搬运等作业;舱外搬运作业依次为手腕、背、肩和右手肘,工效学因素主要来自用力使用不便抓握的工具、无支撑站姿伴背部前屈、重复或持续性负荷提举和搬运、受限空间等作业;舱口和舱内搬运作业依次为手腕和背部,工效学因素同舱外搬运作业类似。结论手腕、背、肩和手肘部为民航搬运作业WMSDs的主要危险部位,不同作业类别危险部位略有不同,工效学危险因素主要来自不良作业姿势、作业空间受限、工具重负荷以及劳动组织不合理等,机场搬运作业工人应加强对上述工效学危险因素的管理与控制,以预防WMSDs。Objective To investigate WMSDs sites and related ergonomic factors among civil aviation transport workers. Methods BRIEF and PLIBEL methods were used for investigating and observing the posture, force, duration and frequency during work and the other 17 of related ergonomic issues in 249 healthy male handling workers in a certain large international air- port freight company in north China. Results The results showed that there were some differences among different operations, such as the high risk site of WMSDs in handling workers was wrist, followed by back. shoulder and elbow, while in baggage sorting, the high risk sites were wrist, back and shoulder. The ergonomlc factors mainly comes from repetitive hand discomfort postures, standing without support, back slightly bends forward and repetitive overload operations. As to the worker outside the cabin, the high risk sites were wrist, buck, shoulder and elbow. The ergonomic factors were repetitive hand discomfort postures, standing without support, back slightly bends forward, limited working space and repetitive overload operations. The high risk sites of worker at the hatch and in the cabin were wrist and buck. The ergonomic factors was similar with the ergonomic factors of the workers at the hatch and in the cabin. Conclusion The results suggested that the main risk sites of WMSDs among handling working were wrist, back, shoulder and elbow. There was slightly different of risk sites among different job categories. The ergonomic risk factors come mainly from hand discomfort postures, limited working space, repetitive overload operations and unreasonable labor organization. The management and control on the ergonomic risk factors should be strengthen for preventing the WMSDs of airport handling workers.

关 键 词：工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患(WMSDs) 工效学 民航搬运作业 

分 类 号：R68[医药卫生—骨科学]