2005―2014年佛山市霍乱弧菌病原学特征分析  

Pathogenic characteristics of Vibrio cholerae isolated in Foshan,2005-2014

作　　者：骆艳婷[1] 谢铭[1] 李柏生[2] 谭海玲[2] 陈爱贞[1] 廖华乐[1] 梁景涛[1] 何秀榕[1] 

机构地区：[1]佛山市疾病预防控制中心,广东佛山528000 [2]广东省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2016年第4期314-318,共5页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：佛山市医学类科技攻关项目(编号:2014AB00398);佛山市"十二五"医学重点专科

摘　　要：目的分析比较分离自病例与环境的霍乱弧菌的病原学特征,为霍乱防治工作提供实验依据。方法选取分离自霍乱病例（患者和密切接触者）和环境（水体和海水产品）的霍乱弧菌,采用血清学、药物敏感性试验、多重PCR检测毒力基因和脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）分子分型等方法,分析不同来源的霍乱弧菌在菌型分布、药物敏感性、毒素基因携带以及分子分型方面的异同。结果 2005―2014年佛山市共分离各类来源霍乱弧菌39株,其中病例来源菌株6株、环境来源菌株33株。2种来源菌株的菌型构成均以O1群稻叶型为主;病例来源菌株以产毒株为主,ctx A毒力基因携带率为66.67%,携带8种毒力基因阳性率为50.00%;环境来源菌株以非产毒株为主,ctx A毒力基因携带率为21.21%,携带8种毒力基因阳性率为6.06%。药物敏感性试验结果显示,不同来源的菌株对萘啶酸均有较高的耐药率（〉50.00%）;病例来源菌株对复方新诺明的耐药率（83.33%）高于环境来源菌株（18.18%）。PFGE聚类分析结果显示,39株霍乱弧菌可分为35个PFGE型别,菌株PFGE带型相似度为72.5%~100.0%。结论佛山市霍乱弧菌血清型、毒力基因和遗传特征复杂多样,霍乱防控形势严峻,需要加强霍乱弧菌常规药敏和菌株型别变异情况的监测。Objective To analyze the pathogenic characteristics of Vibrio cholerae isolated from clinical cases and environment so as to provide experimental data for cholera control and prevention. Methods Vibrio cholerae strains were isolated from cholera cases（ patients and close contacts） and environmental samples（ river water and seafood）. The similarities and differences in different sources of Vibrio cholerae in serotype distribution,antimicrobial susceptibility,toxic gene carrying,and molecular typing were analyzed using serological testing,antimicrobial susceptibility testing（ AST）,multiplex-PCR,and PFGE.Results A total of 39 strains of Vibrio cholerae were isolated in Foshan City from 2005 to 2014,including6 strains from cholera cases and 33 from environmental samples. The predominant serotype of Vibrio cholerae from two sources was serogroup O1,serotype Inaba. Most strains from cholera cases were toxigenic,the ctx A toxic gene carrying rate was 66. 67%,and the eight toxic genes carrying rate was 50. 00%. Isolates from the environment were mainly non-toxigenic,the ctx A toxic gene carrying rate was 21. 21%,and carrying rate of eight toxic genes was 6. 06%. AST revealed that the strains from different sources had high resistance rate to nalidixic acid（ 〉 50. 00%）. The resistant rate of isolates from cholera cases to sulfame-thoxazole-trimethoprim（ 83. 33%） was higher than that of isolates from environment（ 18. 18%）. PFGE cluster analysis showed that 39 strains of Vibrio cholerae were clustered into 35 patterns and the similarity was 72. 5%- 100. 0%. Conclusion The serotype,toxic gene,and genetic characteristics of Vibrio cholerae were diverse in Foshan City. Close attention should be paid to the variation of serotype and drug resistance of Vibrio cholerae.

关 键 词：霍乱弧菌 血清分型 毒素基因 药物敏感性试验 脉冲场凝胶电泳 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]