深圳市宝安区老年人跌倒现况及致跌因素分析  

Status and risk factors of falls among elderly residents in Baoan District,Shenzhen

作　　者：徐小红[1] 陈韦冰 刘峥[2] 赵仁成[2] 谢艺明[1] 吴国龙[1] 周惠尔 赖伏虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市宝安区人民医院,广东深圳518101 [2]深圳市宝安区慢性病防治院

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2016年第4期323-326,共4页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：2014年深圳市宝安区科技计划项目(编号2014037)

摘　　要：目的掌握深圳市宝安区老年人群跌倒情况并对老年人致跌因素进行分析,为探索城市社区可行性的老年人跌倒干预模式提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样法,抽取宝安6个社区的≥60岁、在当地居住至少满1年的老年人进行调查,调查内容包括：人口学基本信息、跌倒危险因素及过去1年的跌倒发生情况等。采用描述流行病学方法对跌倒情况进行分析,采用单、多因素分析方法对跌倒的影响因素进行分析。结果本次调查≥60岁老年人328人,完成有效问卷327份。调查对象中以女性为主,占61.47%（201/327）。年龄为60~91岁,以60~64岁老年人最多,占46.79%（153/327）。过去1年中发生跌倒25人次,跌倒发生率为7.65%。多因素分析结果显示,有跌倒史（OR=31.834）和居家环境中致跌危险因素得分越高（OR=1.189）调查对象发生跌倒的可能性越大。结论深圳市宝安区老年人的跌倒发生率较低,有跌倒史和居家环境中致跌危险因素为老年跌倒的危险因素,消除或减少居家环境中致跌危险因素是可行的预防老年人跌倒的干预措施。Objective To understand the epidemiological pattern of falls among the elderly residents in Baoan District and to evaluate the risk factors for falls. Methods By using random cluster sampling method,the elderly people aged 60 and above,residing at least one year in one of six communities in Baoan District were selected as the survey participants. Survey contents included basic demographic information,risk factors for falls,and the occurrence of falls over the past one year. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to identify risk factors associated with the falls. Results A total of 328 elderly residents participated in the survey and 327 questionnaires were valid. Of the 327 subjects,201 were female（ 61. 47%） and 126,male（ 38. 53%）. The age ranged from 60 to 91 years,and 46. 79%（ 153 /327） of them were aged from 60 to 64 years. In the previous year,25 subjects fell,with an incidence rate of 7. 65%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the subjects with history of fall（ OR = 31. 834,95% CI： 10. 372- 97. 701） and high risk housing environment（ OR = 1. 189,95% CI：1. 022- 1. 383） were more likely to have higher incidence of falls. Conclusion The incidence of falls was lower in the elderly in Baoan District,Shenzhen. Risk factors for the elderly falls were the history of fall and high risk housing environment.

关 键 词：老年人 意外跌倒 因素分析 统计学 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]