构件表义功能的实现及其对汉字发展的影响  

Realization of the Semantic Function of Character Component and the Development of Chinese Characters

作　　者：齐元涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学民俗典籍文字研究中心,100875

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2016年第5期98-105,共8页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

基　　金：新世纪优秀人才支持计划(2011);教育部重点研究基地重大项目(13JJD740003)的支持

摘　　要：甲骨文时期,构件的表义功能已经产生,但由于构件象物性的存在,表义功能还不是汉字构件的主要功能。战国时期,构件的象物性消失,构件的表义功能全面实现。表义功能的实现,对汉字构形和汉字书写产生了重大影响。对汉字构形来说,用系统中已经存在的构件就可以生成新的字形,构件的构字能力、构形层级都有提高,构形模式和组合模式都向主流模式靠拢,汉字的系统性增强。对汉字书写来说,书写单位不再局限于对物象的描摹,人们可以按照字形别异和书写便捷的需要对书写方式进行调整,这直接促成了汉字笔画的形成。During the period of oracle, the semantic function of character components had come into being, but due to the components＇ pictographic nature, the semantic function was not their main function. In the Warring States period, the pictographic nature disappeared, and the semantic function of the components was fully realized. The realization of the semantic function had a great influence on the formation and writing of Chinese characters. For Chinese character formation, the old components came to be used to generate new shapes, the formation ability and the structural level were improved, the formation and combination moved closer to a mainstream model, and Chinese characters became more systematic. For Chinese character writing, strokes were no longer limited to the description of images, and people could adjust the way of writing in accordance with the shape difference and writing convenience, which directly contributed to the production of strokes of Chinese characters, and the writing improvement of which further affected the formation of Chinese characters.

关 键 词：汉字 表义功能 构形 书写 系统生成 

分 类 号：H12[语言文字—汉语]