夏季晴天沙漠绿洲非均匀下垫面地表能量平衡分析  

Analysis of Surface Energy Balance in Desert- oasis Heterogenous Underlying Surface in Sunny Day of Summer

作　　者：杨彦龙[1,2] 左洪超[1] 赵舒曼 杨扬[3] 陆莎[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院 [2]中国人民解放军95455部队 [3]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省(中国气象局)干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室

出　　处：《干旱气象》2016年第3期412-422,共11页Journal of Arid Meteorology

基　　金：国家重大科学研究计划"973"项目(2012CB956200);国家自然科学基金(41475009;41275019)共同资助

摘　　要：利用"古浪非均匀近地层观测试验"数据,分析地表热通量不同算法对地表能量不闭合的影响,估算中国西北干旱区农田下垫面的植被光合作用、空气热储存、生物量储热和垂直平流输送,并且分析其对干旱区农田下垫面夏季地表能量不平衡的补偿。结果表明:干旱区农田植被光合作用平均日变化最大值达9.9 W·m^(-2),空气热储存平均日变化最大值达10.6 W·m^(-2),生物量储热平均日变化最大值达32.4 W·m^(-2),垂直平流输送平均日变化最大值达22.9 W·m^(-2);各补偿项对地表能量闭合度分别提高2%、1%、2%和6%;在能量平衡方程中引入这4项后地表能量平衡闭合度由79%提升到90%。植被光合作用、空气热储存、生物量储热和垂直平流输送对干旱区农田地表能量不闭合有明显改善。The values of plant photosynthesis, air heat storage, biomass storage and vertical advection under the cropland surface conditions in the arid zone of Northwest China were estimated by using the data of ＂Observation experiment of heterogeneous near - surface layer in Gulang＂ based on the existing researches firstly. Then the effects of four terms on surface energy unclosure of eropland in the arid region were also analyzed. The results show that the maximum diurnal variation of plant photosynthesis on the cropland in arid region came to 9.9 W · m-2, and the maximum diurnal variations were 10.6 W ·m-2, 32.4 W · m-2 and 22.9 W · m-2 for air heat storage, biomass storage and vertical advection, respectively. They raised the energy closure by 2% , 1% , 2% and 6% in turn. The surface energy closure was improved from 79% to 90% after considering these four terms above - mentioned. The surface energy balance was significantly improved after considering the plant photosynthesis, air heat storage, biomass storage and vertical advection.

关 键 词：干旱区 农田下垫面 光合作用 生物量储热 垂直平流输送 地表能量平衡 

分 类 号：P401[天文地球—大气物理学与大气环境]