身份的错位和变性的悲剧——《捕蜂器》的文学伦理学解读  

Title: Misplaced Identity and Tragic Degeneration—An Exploration of The Wasp Factory from the Perspective of Ethical Literary Criticism

作　　者：刘胡敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东外语外贸大学英文学院

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2016年第4期23-31,共9页Foreign Literature Studies

摘　　要：英国著名小说家伊恩·班克斯在《捕蜂器》里讲述了父亲克拉旱姆通过男性激素把女儿弗兰克"成功"地从女性变为男性,而被父亲违背伦理的实验改变了身份的弗兰克成了伦理身份混乱的"兼性人"。弗兰克的身份错位导致他无法进行身份确认继而无法进入正确的伦理选择的过程,而缺乏伦理教诲让他无法产生正确的伦理意识,无法建立善恶观。此外,弗兰克成长的客观伦理环境让他无法与外界进行正常沟通。这几个因素最终造成弗兰克通过残害小动物和"弑童"来缓释"被阉割"给他带来的创伤。小说表达了作者反对违反伦理道德的行为,希望生活回归正常秩序的强烈愿望。Iain Banks, in The Wasp Factory, depicts how a father, Claudhame, ＂successfully＂ transforms his daughter Frank from female to male through his anti-ethical experiment, thus causing Frank to become an androgyne with confusing ethical identity. Frank’s misplaced identity makes him unable to confirm his identity and make a correct ethical choice. Lack of ethical education leads to Frank’s inability to generate correct ethical consciousness and a sense of good and evil. Besides, the ethical environment in which Frank is brought up prevents him from having normal communication with the outside world. All these factors result in Frank’s exorcising his castration-engendered trauma by means of killing small animals and children. The writer of the novel expresses his strong wish to fight against any behaviour that is against ethical morals and to return to a regular life of order.

关 键 词：伦理选择 伦理教诲 伦理混乱 《捕蜂器》 

分 类 号：I561.074[文学—其他各国文学]