天津市丙型病毒性肝炎流行现状及危险因素探讨  

Prevalence of hepatitis C in Tianjin, China and related risk factors

作　　者：何海艳[1] 赵莹[1] 陈静[1] 李超[1] 吴伟慎[1] 张颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市疾病预防控制中心病毒陆旰炎科,3000ll

出　　处：《中华肝脏病杂志》2016年第9期647-651,共5页Chinese Journal of Hepatology

基　　金：天津市卫生局科技基金面上项目（2012KYl4）

摘　　要：目的掌握近年来天津市丙型病毒性肝炎流行现状及主要感染因素，为科学制定丙型肝炎预防控制策略提供理论依据。方法借助法定传染病监测系统，建立天津市2004-2014年丙型病毒性肝炎报告病例数据库，结合历年开展的血清学监测及专项病例对照调查结果，采用统计学技术分析天津市丙型肝炎流行特征、感染现状及存在的主要危险因素。对数据进行爿。检验及logistic回归分析。结果2004-2014年天津市丙型肝炎报告率总体呈下降趋势（X^2=150．018，P〈0．01）；年龄组分布中60岁组报告率最高（9．09／10万），且与其他年龄组的差异有统计学意义（X^2=2540．887，P〈0．01）；市内六区报告率最高6．54／10万，且与其他区域的差异有统计学意义。多因素logistic回归分析显示：手术史（X^2=5．304，P〈0．05）、输血及血制品（X^2=19．705，P〈0．01）、血液透析（X^2=4．325，P〈0．05）及静脉吸毒（X^2=10．579，P〈0．01）是丙型肝炎的主要危险因素。结论近年来天津市丙型肝炎报告疫情呈下降趋势。丙型肝炎虽无有效疫苗，但其是可防可治的，加强健康教育，提高全人群丙型肝炎认知率，早发现、早诊断、早治疗，是目前针对丙型肝炎最有效的干预措施。Objective To investigate the prevalence of hepatitis C in Tianjin, China and major risk factors, and to provide a theoretical basis for the development of scientific prevention and control strategies for hepatitis C. Methods The monitoring system of notifiable infectious diseases was used to establish the database of hepatitis C cases reported from 2004 to 2014 in Tianjin. With reference to the results of serological surveillance and special case-control investigation, a statistical analysis was performed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and prevalence of hepatitis C in Tianjin, as well as related risk factors. Results The report rate of hepatitis C in Tianjin showed a decreasing trend from 2004 to 2014 （X^2 = 150.018, P 〈 0.01）. The group aged 60 years had the highest report rate （9.09/100000）, and there were significant differences between this group and other groups （X^2 = 2540.887, P 〈 0.01）. The six urban districts in Tianjin had the highest report rate （6.54/100000）, and there were significant differences between this area and other areas. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a history of surgery （X^2 = 12.57, P 〈 0.01）, blood transfusion and blood products （X^2= 36.67, _P 〈 0.01）, hemodialysis （X^2 = 4.62, P 〈 0.01）, and intravenous drug use （X^2 = 12.92, P 〈 0.01） were major risk factors for hepatitis C. Conclusion The epidemic situation of hepatitis C in Tianjin tends to decrease in recent years. Although there is no effective vaccine for hepatitis C, it still can be prevented and treated. The most effective interventions for hepatitis C include strengtheninghealth education and raising the awareness rate of hepatitis C in the whole population, as well as early detection, diagnosis, and treatment.

关 键 词：肝炎 丙型 流行趋势 感染现状 危险因素 

分 类 号：R512.63[医药卫生—内科学]