流-固耦合模型试验用的新型相似材料研制及应用  

Development and application of new similar materials of surrounding rock for a fluid-solid coupling model test

作　　者：王凯[1] 李术才[1] 张庆松[1] 张霄[1] 李利平[1] 张乾青[1] 刘聪[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学岩土与工程结构研究中心,山东济南250061

出　　处：《岩土力学》2016年第9期2521-2533,共13页Rock and Soil Mechanics

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(No.2013CB036000);教育部项目高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(No.20130131110032);国家自然科学基金面上基金(No.51479106)~~

摘　　要：为研究隧道突水、突泥过程中断层及围岩各物理场变化规律,根据地质力学模型试验相似原理,通过大量多组别配比试验,研制出适用于流-固耦合模型试验的新型断层及围岩相似材料。其中,断层相似材料以砂为粗骨料,滑石粉为细骨料,石膏、膨润土作为胶结剂,液态石蜡作为调节剂;围岩相似材料以砂为粗骨料,重晶石粉、滑石粉为细骨料,白水泥及乳胶作为胶结剂。通过大量室内试验,对比分析原岩及相似材料变形特征及强度破坏特性,重点对单轴抗压强度、渗透系数、重度、泊松比、弹性模量等重要变形及水理特性参量进行调控,系统研究不同配比对材料参数的影响规律。试验结果表明:该材料力学参数变化范围广、性能稳定、操作工艺简单,可用来模拟不同渗透系数的低、中等强度岩体材料。将该相似材料应用于吉莲高速公路永莲隧道断层突水、突泥三维地质力学模型试验中,力学性能及水理特性均达到试验要求,能够有效地模拟突水、突泥的发展演变过程,真实反映断层灾变过程中各物理场响应规律。To assess the variation of stress and deformation of surrounding rock during the process of tunnel water inrush, this paper aims at developing new types of similar material of fault and surrounding rock. The similar materials are further used in the solid-fluid coupling model test according to the similarity principle of geomechanical model tests. The developed fault similar material consists of sand, talc powder, gypsum, bentonite and paraffin liquid. The similar material of surrounding rock is composed of sand, barite powder, talc powder, white cement and latex. In these two materials, sand and talc powder are used as the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate, respectively. Bentonite is used as cementing agents and paraffin liquid is used as a regulator in the fault similar material. The latex is used as bonder in the surrounding rock similar materials. A large amount of experimental tests are conducted to examine the deformation and failure behaviors of similar materials and prototype rocks. By adjusting the ratios of various ingredients of similar materials, the effects of sand, talc powder, gypsum, bentonite, paraffin liquid, barite powder, white cement and latex, on the uniaxial compressive strength, permeability coefficient, density, Poisson＇s ratio and elasticity modulus are examined. Experimental results show that the proposed similar materials can be used for the solid-fluid coupling model test to model rock mass with different permeability coefficients with low and moderate intensity, due to their wide adjustment of parameters, stability of mechanical property, convenience of preparation and low cost. The developed similar materials are applied to simulate the water inrush occurred in the Yonglian tunnel of Jiangxi Province, China. The results show that the mechanical and seepage performances of similar materials satisfy the requirements of model tests, which can not only capture water inrush process of model tunnel, but also reflect the variations of physical fields.

关 键 词：地质力学模型试验 流-固耦合 相似材料 胶结剂 岩石力学 

分 类 号：TU452[建筑科学—岩土工程]