华北农田冬绿肥覆盖的抗风蚀研究  

Influence of winter green manure on wind erosion in farmland of north China

作　　者：赵秋[1] 张新建[1] 宁晓光[1] 曹卫东[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津市农业资源与环境研究所,天津300384 [2]中国农科院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2016年第8期120-124,共5页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专顶经费项目(201103005)资助

摘　　要：研究华北农田不同冬绿肥覆盖对农田土壤风蚀损失量的防治效果,并确定其最佳覆盖模式。结果表明:冬绿肥覆盖与冬闲相比,地表覆盖度、粗糙度增大,表层含水率提高,有机碳含量增加,土壤物理稳定性指数上升;5种冬绿肥覆盖模式可以不同程度减小土壤风蚀,风蚀量由大到小依次为:冬闲>草木樨>黑麦草>冬油菜>二月兰>毛苕子;综合看,冬油菜、毛苕子和二月兰覆盖的抗风蚀能力较强;风蚀大小与地表覆盖度、粗糙度、土壤有机碳含量、物理稳定性指数相关系数较高,而与土壤含水量相关系数较小。The soil wind erosion control effectiveness in the farmland soil of north China under different winter green manures coverage models was researched, and the best coverage model was determined. The results showed that compared with winter fallow the winter green manures coverage model had high coverage degree, soil organic carbon content, physical stability index and moisture in surface layer and big terrain roughness. Different coverage models could reduce the soil loss by wind erosion in different degrees, soil erosion in descending order： the winter fallow 〉 sweet clover 〉 ryegrass 〉 winter rape 〉 Orychophragmus violaceus 〉 hairy vetch. Among them, the hairy vetch, Orychophragmus violaceus and winter rape had the best effect to resist the wind erosion. Correlation coefficients between wind erosion and surface coverage, roughness, soil organic carbon content, and physical stability index were higher, and the relation of soil water content with those indexes was small.

关 键 词：冬闲 冬绿肥 覆盖 风蚀 风蚀量 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]