西北地区小麦地方品种高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成分析  

Analysis of Genetic Diversity of HMW-GS in Wheat Landraces from Northwest China

作　　者：丛花[1] 王宏飞[2] 祁旭升 高小丽[4] 张金波[1] 严勇亮[1] 章艳凤[1] 路子峰 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院农作物品种资源研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]辽宁师范大学生命科学学院,辽宁大连116029 [3]甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所,兰州730070 [4]西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所,拉萨850032

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2016年第8期1373-1382,共10页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160286);自治区高新技术项目(201311103);新疆农业科学院青年科技基金项目(xjnky-2014008);自治区科技兴农项目~~

摘　　要：【目的】分析西北地区小麦地方品种资源HMW-GS的遗传组成,为该地区小麦品质育种提供新的种质资源。【方法】利用SDS-PAGE方法,对429份西北地区小麦地方品种的HMW-GS亚基等位变异进行分析。【结果】西北地区小麦地方品种资源Glu-1位点有21种等位变异,冬、春小麦资源均以Null(74.7%和80.6%)、7+8(92.9%和88.7%)和2+12(52.8%和91.5%)为各自位点的优势亚基;有35种亚基组合形式,冬、春小麦资源均以null/7+8/2+12为优势组合(42.9%和67.2%),且在西藏地区4份小麦地方品种资源中发现2个新亚基,分别为"7**+8"和"13+8"。【结论】西北地区小麦地方品种高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基具有丰富的多样性,且春小麦地方品种HMW-GS的等位变异和组合形式高于冬小麦地方品种;从供试材料中筛选出2个以上基因位点具有优质亚基的地方小麦品种95份,其中6份地方品种在3个位点都具有优质亚基。[ Objective ] In order to provide favorable germplasm for the quality improvement and analyze the genetic diversity of high - molecular - weight glutenin subunits of wheat landraces collected from Northwest China. [ Method]The composition of HMW- GS of 429 wheat landraces were studied by SDS -PAGE. [ Resuit]The results showed that 21 alleles and 35 subunit compositions were detected in wheat landraces. The subunitsofnull（74.7% and 80.6 %）, 7＋8 （92.9 % and 88.7 %）, 2＋12 （52.8 % and 91.5 %） were the major subunit types in winter and spring wheat landraces, respectively; the composition of null, 7 ＋ 8, 2 ＋ 12 was the dominating combination in winter and spring wheat. The two new subunit pair ＂7 ＊ ＊ ＋ 8＂ and ＂ 13 ＋ 8＂ at Glu - B1 locus were detected in Xizang wheat landraces. [ Conclusion]There are high genetic diversity of HMW - GS in wheat landraces from Northwest China, however, the alleles and subunit composi- tion types of spring wheat are higher than winter wheat. 95 of the local wheat varieties with high quality sub- units were selected from the tested materials, and 6 of them had high quality subunit at 3 loci.

关 键 词：高分子量谷蛋白亚基 小麦地方品种 种质资源 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学] S188