棉花机采模式下株行距配置对农艺性状及产量的影响  

Effect of Plant and Row Spacing on Agronomic Characters and Yield of Machine-picked Cotton

作　　者：李建峰[1] 梁福斌[1] 陈厚川 王聪[1] 张旺锋[1] 康鹏[2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆生产建设兵团第七师127团,新疆奎屯833209

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2016年第8期1390-1396,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAD09B03)~~

摘　　要：【目的】研究机采棉不同株行距配置对棉花主要农艺性状及产量的影响,调整棉花株行距配置,达到适宜机采、提高产量及改善品质的目的。【方法】选用棉花杂交种鲁棉研24号、常规品种新陆早60号为供试材料,设置适宜机采的一膜3行等行距低密度、一膜6行宽窄行高密度及一膜3行等行双株高密度3种配置方式,研究不同株行距配置对棉花生育进程、果枝始节高度、脱叶率、吐絮率及产量的影响。【结果】等行距低密度下,两种基因型棉花花铃期(开花-吐絮)生长发育较快,其中杂交棉鲁棉研24号果枝始节高度较宽窄行高密度及等行双株高密度高6.3%、2.8%;喷施脱叶催熟剂6 d后,棉株脱叶率较宽窄行高密度高9.8%~11.4%,棉铃吐絮率较宽窄行高密度高8.7%~12.1%;单铃重较宽窄行高密度及等行双株高密度高4.0%~8.0%、6.3%~17.4%;等行距低密度下,杂交棉鲁棉研24号收获籽棉产量最高。【结论】等行距低密度下,棉花主要农艺性状符合机械化采收要求,杂交棉鲁棉研24号能充分发挥单株结铃数多及铃重较高的优势而获得高产。[ Objective] The objective of the experiment is to research the effect of different plants and row spacing on main agronomic characters and yield of machine - picked cotton, and choose the available plant models to find out the way to meet machine - picked requirements and improve the yield and fiber quali- ty, [ Method] Under field conditions, hybrid cotton Lumianyan 24 and conventional cotton Xinluzao 60 were used as materials. Three kinds of plant models： a film of three lines （76 cm line spacing）, a film of six lines （66 ＋ 10 cm spacing） and a film of three lines with double plants （76 cm spacing） were employed to discuss the effect of different plants and row spacing on the growth stage, the height of the fi^t fruit branch, bolls o- pening percentage, leaves defoliation percentage m^d yield of machine -picked cotton. [ Result] The results showed that the growth stage of two cuhivars a fihn of three lines was shorter, the height ~ff the first fruit branch was 6.3% and 2.8% higher than that of a film of six lines and a film of three lines with double plants; the bolls opening percentage and leaves defoliation percentage, were 9.8% - 11.4% and 8.7% - 12.1% higher than that of a film of six lines 6 days after defoliant application ; the boll weight of a film of three lines were 4. 0% - 8.0% and 6.3% - 17.4% higher than that of a film of six lines and a film of three lines with double plants. The yield of a film of three lines of hybrid cotton was the highest. [ Conclusion ] The main agronomic charactet：~ under low density meet all the requirements of machine - picked cotton and hybrid cotton Lumian- yan 24 gives full play to boll number and boll weight, thus achieving higher yield.

关 键 词：机采棉 株行距 种植模式 农艺性状 产量 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]