特高压交流变电站可听噪声分离方法  

Separation Methodology of Audible Noises of UHV AC Substations

作　　者：吴晓文[1] 周年光[1] 裴春明[2] 胡胜[1] 黄韬[1] 应黎明[3] 

机构地区：[1]国网湖南省电力公司电力科学研究院,长沙410007 [2]中国电力科学研究院,武汉430074 [3]武汉大学电气工程学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《高电压技术》2016年第8期2625-2632,共8页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2011CB209402-3);国家自然科学基金(51377123)~~

摘　　要：特高压交流变电站内主要设备产生的噪声相互混叠,增加了变电站噪声测试难度。因而提出了一种特高压交流变电站可听噪声分离方法,将变电站噪声分为变压器与电抗器本体噪声、冷却装置噪声以及电晕噪声。并利用小波包分析方法结合谱减法语音增强技术滤除环境噪声,分别设计通带与阻带梳状滤波器提取本体噪声信号以及包含变压器冷却装置与电晕噪声的混合声信号,然后根据电晕噪声的短时脉冲特性以及变压器冷却装置噪声的平稳性,利用谱减法语音增强技术分离出电晕噪声及变压器冷却装置噪声。研究结果表明:本体噪声、冷却装置噪声以及电晕噪声存在混叠现象;所分离出的本体噪声主要集中在100 Hz、200 Hz以及300 Hz三个窄带频率上;分离后的冷却装置噪声较为平稳,主要位于2 k Hz频率范围内;分离后的电晕噪声为宽频带噪声,具有短时脉冲性,分离前后脉冲信号的发生时间及幅值一致。对所分离噪声信号的时频特性分析结果证明了该方法的有效性。The mixed audible noises generated by the main power apparatus in UHV AC substations increase the difficulty of noise measurement. Consequently, we put forward a separation methodology of audible noise of UHV AC substations. The substation noise is divided into body noise of transformer and reactor, cooling device noise, and corona noise. Furthermore, we employed the wavelet packet analysis method and speech enhancement technique based on spectral subtraction to filter the environmental noise. Pass-band and stop-band comb filters were designed, respectively, to process the low frequency part of reconstructed noise. Thereby, body noise and the mixed cooling device and corona noise were obtained. According to the short-time impulse characteristics of corona noise and the steady characteristics of cooling device, the speech enhancement technique based on spectral subtraction was used again to separate cooling device and corona noises. The research results show that the body noise, the cooling device noise, and the corona noise are mixed to- gether before processing. The frequency of separated body noise is mainly at 100, 200, and 300 Hz. The separated cooling device noise is steady in time domain and is mainly in the frequency range of 2 kHz. The corona noise occurs in short time with impulsive waveform and has a wide frequency band. The occurring time is in good agreement with amplitude of the corona noise before and after separation. The proposed methodology is proved to be effective by characteristic analy- sis of the separated noises in time- and frequency-domain.

关 键 词：电力变压器 噪声 环境噪声 电晕噪声 小波包 谱减法 语音增强技术 

分 类 号：TM63[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]