钢铁生产工人高温作业分级与高血压关系研究  

Relationship between high-temperature working classification and hypertension among iron and steel production workers

作　　者：柴峰 佟俊旺 杨静波 李向文 王永斌 郑瑶 王朝阳 王焕 袁聚祥 

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学公共卫生学院,河北唐山063000 [2]唐山钢铁企业有限责任公司,063000

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2016年第4期442-446,共5页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：河北省重点职业病防治技术研究项目(13277709D)

摘　　要：目的分析钢铁生产工人高温作业分级与高血压患病的关联性。方法采用方便抽样方法,选取某钢铁企业2 798名钢铁生产工人为研究对象,根据是否从事高温作业分为高温组(1 070人)和对照组(1 728人)。对2组工人的健康状况进行问卷调查,并测量血压;对高温组工人工作场所进行湿球黑球温度指数测量,结合接触高温作业时间进行高温作业分级。结果 2 798名钢铁生产工人高血压患病率为32.8%;高温组工人高血压患病率高于对照组(41.3%vs 27.5%,P<0.01)。随着高温作业分级的增加,高温组工人高血压患病率呈上升趋势(P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:在排除年龄、体质指数、高血压家族史、文化程度、吸烟、饮酒、食盐摄入量和精神压力等混杂因素后,高温组工人高温作业分级与高血压患病呈正相关(P<0.01),高温初始接触年龄与高血压患病呈负相关(P<0.01)。结论高温作业分级是钢铁生产工人罹患高血压的重要影响因素;加强高温作业分级管理有利于该类工人高血压的防治控制。Objective To analyze the relationship between the high-temperature working classification and prevalence of hypertension in iron and steel production workers. Methods By a convenience sampling method,2 798 workers in an iron and steel production enterprise were selected as study subjects. They were divided into high-temperature working group（ 1 070 cases） and non-high-temperature working（ control） group（ 1 728 cases）. The occupational health status was investigated by questionnaire survey and the blood pressure was measured. The wet bulb globe temperature in workplace of high temperature working group was measured,and the high-temperature classification was made based on the time of exposure to high temperature. Results The prevalence rate of hypertension of 2 798 iron and steel production workers was32. 8%. The prevalence rate of hypertension of high-temperature working group was higher than that of the control group（ 41. 3% vs 27. 5%,P〈0. 01）. The prevalence rate of hypertension in high temperature working group presented an increasing tendency with the increase of high-temperature working level（ P〈0. 01）. The multiple logistic regression analysis results showed that excluding the confounding factors of age,body mass index,family history of hypertension,educational background,smoking,alcohol drinking,salt intake and mental stress,it showed that high-temperature working classification was positively correlated with increasing prevalence of hypertension in high-temperature working group（ P〈0. 01）; and the initial exposure age to high-temperature was negatively correlated with the prevalence of hypertension in iron and steel production workers（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusion High-temperature is an important influence factor to the prevalence of hypertension in iron and steel production workers. Strengthening the management of high-temperature classification is helpful for the prevention and treatment control of hypertension in the iron and steel production workers

关 键 词：高温 高血压 钢铁工人 患病率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R135.3[医药卫生—劳动卫生]