基于GPS数据的旅游时空行为评价研究  

Evaluation of Tourist Temporal-spatial Behavior based on GPS Data

作　　者：黄潇婷[1] 李玟璇[1] 张海平[2] 卿前龙[3] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学管理学院,山东济南250100 [2]南京师范大学虚拟环境教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210023 [3]广东金融学院休闲产业与高端服务业研究中心,广东广州510521

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2016年第9期40-49,共10页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"基于旅游者时空行为规律的旅游时间规划方法研究"(41301142);广东省创新强校工程项目"城市社区户外公共休闲空间剥夺对居民休闲生活指数的效应研究"(2015WTSCXO74)资助~~

摘　　要：目前,采用GPS追踪技术获取旅游者时空行为轨迹数据的技术已经开始应用于旅游行为研究中,但是对基于GPS数据的旅游时空行为的分析仍然停留在描述分析和模式聚类阶段。如何深入挖掘空间尺度上精确至米、时间尺度上精确到秒的GPS数据,文章尝试运用Arc GIS技术在对GPS轨迹点实现时空路径三维可视化的基础上,进一步提炼出路径长度、游览时间、游览速度、覆盖面积和椭圆周长5项量化评价指标,并提出了具体的计算方法,在计算5项量化指标的基础上采用因子分析的方法探索基于GPS数据的旅游时空行为评价因子。以香港海洋公园旅游者时空行为GPS追踪数据的分析为案例,将旅游时空行为评价因子提取为空间-时间因子、节奏-消费因子和情感-经验因子3个评价因子。由此,提出了一种基于GPS数据的旅游时空行为评价方法,为GPS数据的挖掘和利用提供研究基础。从旅游供给的角度来说,为基于旅游者时空行为分析的产品提升和精细化管理提供指导,比如通过延长旅游者的游览时间、延长游览路径、扩大游览面积、降低游览速度、增加旅游消费、增加旅游经验和增强情感体验等措施,均能有效地增加旅游体验的数量和质量。Recently, the concern about Mobility and emergence of Motilities Paradigm make the tourism activities to be placed onto the core of human activities. As a result, mobility is gradually considered as the core proposition of tourism research. With the advancement of mobile internet technology and geographic information technologies, it becomes possible to track people accurately and record the individual tourist temporal- spatial behavior tracking data. However, tracking and recording are not research objectives. The application of new technologies should provide new knowledge for better understanding and optimizing of tourism behavior. At present, GPS tracking technology has already been applied in the research of tourism behavior. But the analysis of tourist temporal- spatial behavior based on the GPS data is still on the descriptive analysis and pattern clustering stage. It is necessary to do data mining of GPS data, which are accurate to meters on spatial scales and accurate to the second on time scales, which will help people to better describe and understand human individual tourism activity and furthermore evaluate and optimize human individual tourism behavior from functional perspective of travelling experience. This paper attempts to apply Arc GIS technology on the basis of GPS tracking points temporal path to achieve a three- dimensional visualization, calculating the time to visit, distance of path, oval projection area, oval projection perimeter, average speed and any other quantitative indicators. And adopts factors analysis to explore tourism temporal- spatial behavioral evaluation factors based on GPS data. The results of factors analysis based on tourists temporal- spatial behavioral GPS tracking data and matching data to questionnaire in Hong Kong Ocean Park indicates that tourism temporal- spatial evaluation indicators can be extracted as spatial-temporal factor, rhythm-consumption factor and emotion-experience factor,which are three evaluation factors. Based on that, this paper presents a touris

关 键 词：旅游时空行为 旅游行为评价 时空路径可视化 GPS数据 因子分析 

分 类 号：F592[经济管理—旅游管理]