生育权、“计划生育”的宪法规定与合宪性转型  

Reproductive Right,Family Planning in Constitution and Transformation according to Constitution

作　　者：秦奥蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学法学院

出　　处：《政法论坛》2016年第5期37-46,共10页Tribune of Political Science and Law

摘　　要：在我国宪法框架内,"计划生育"是作为生育权限制的制度形式,其对于人口的调控应该适应于经济发展与社会发展计划。计划生育吻合于比较视野中的"生育控制"概念,生育权的自由与社会面向中阐释了生育控制的必要性与制度底线。在人类现代社会史中,优生学、经济主义、女性主义等视角构建生育控制制度是生育权社会面向呈现的社会价值或国家目标所在。我国计划生育制度三十年是经济主义思路的政策化法律化体现,佐证这一思路目的正当性的经济背景与社会环境正在成为历史。通过计划生育制度宪法条款的全面实施来完成计划生育制度转型:即由人口调控的经济主义目的单轨制转型至兼顾社会发展中社会主体权利实现的双轨制,是未来计划生育制度调整的宪法正道。As a system form of restriction of the reproductive right within the framework of Chinese Constitution , family planning should be adapted to make the population growth consistent with the economic and social development plan. Family planning has the identical value to the concept of ＂birth control＂ in a comparative vision, the liberal and social functions mixed in the reproductive right interpret the necessity and the system＇ s bottom line. In the history of modern society, constructing birth - control system in the perspective of eugenics economism and feminism shows the national goals of restricting the reproductive right. Chinese family - planning policy has been implemented for thirty years, which is the policy and legal embodiment of econom- ic thought, but the economic background and social surroundings to support the legitimacy of this thought have been changed. Full implementation of constitutional provisions on family planning to complete the transforma- tion of family -planning, namely population control only consistent with economic purpose should be transformed to give consideration to social subject right as well, which is the right way of family planning system ad- justment in future.

关 键 词：计划生育 生育控制 生育权 合宪性转型 经济主义生育控制 

分 类 号：D922.1[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]