2007-2014年深圳地区单采血小板报废原因分析及对策  

Retrospective analysis and countermeasures of disposal rates for apheresis platelets in Shenzhen from 2007 to 2014

作　　者：聂冬梅[1] 古醒辉[1] 王霞[1] 李雪梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市血液中心,广东深圳518035

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2016年第7期741-744,共4页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的了解深圳地区单采血小板报废的主要原因,为降低经输血传播疾病的发生及提高献血者的招募能力提供参考依据。方法通过回顾性研究,对2007-2014年深圳市血液中心采集的单采血小板相关数据进行分析,提出保障安全输血的有效措施。结果 2007-2014年深圳市血液中心采集并筛查无偿捐献单采血小板共95 476人次,报废746例,单采血小板的总报废率为0.78%(746/95 476),检测因素报废的占78.2%(583/746),非检测因素报废的占21.8%(163/746),2007-20014年检测因素报废率和非检测因素报废率间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);酶免检测项目阳性报废率为0.34%,是单采血小板检测报废的首要原因,其次是核酸检测项目阳性报废,报废率为0.24%,再次是生化检测(ALT)不合格报废,报废率均为0.08%;在非检测因素报废原因中,冲红报废率为0.05%,是非检测因素报废的主要原因,其次是过期报废和不足量,报废率均为0.04%。结论分析结果提示通过有针对性的控制措施既可以降低输血传播病毒的残余危险,又能减少不必要的报废,且能对今后自愿无偿单采献血者的招募以及单采血小板的采集和储存具有重要的参考价值和指导意义。Objective To evaluate platelet（ PLT） production and disposal in Shenzhen and to provide a basis for more efficient recruitment of blood donors and reduction of transfusion transmitted infections. Methods Measures to ensure the safety of blood transfusion were put forward based on the retrospective cohort study using apheresis platelets donors database from 2007 to 2014. Results A total of 95 476 cases of volunteer apheresis platelets donors were collected from 2007 to 2014 in Shenzhen blood center and among which,746 cases were discarded. The total disposal rate was 0. 78%（ 746 /95 476）,in which 78. 2%（ 583 /746） due to detection,whereas 21. 8% were not discarded due to detection. There was a statistically significant difference between these two groups. The leading cause for disposal was enzyme immunoassay test（ 0. 34%） followed by nucleic acid amplification technology（ NAT） test（ 0. 24%）,ALT（ 0. 08%）. The high disposal rate of platelets due to RBCs contamination was the major cause among non-detection factors,which accounted for 0. 05%,followed by expired platelets（ 0. 04%） and insufficient collection（ 0. 04%）. Conclusion The results suggest that targeted control measures cannot only reduce the residual risk of transfusion transmitted infection,but also reduce unnecessary disposal,which help provide important guiding significance for volunteer apheresis donors’ recruitment and apheresis platelet collection and storage in the future.

关 键 词：无偿献血 单采血小板 报废 血液安全 

分 类 号：R446[医药卫生—诊断学] R331.143[医药卫生—临床医学]