微生物肥料对“赤霞珠”葡萄生长及土壤质量的影响  

Effect of Microbial Fertilizers on the Grape Growth of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon' and Soil Properties

作　　者：刘璐[1] 代红军[1] 王振平[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《北方园艺》2016年第17期175-179,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家现代农业产业体系资助项目(CARS-30-zp)

摘　　要：以5年生酿酒葡萄＂赤霞珠＂为试验材料,通过测定采收期葡萄生长指标、土壤理化性质、土壤酶活性大小以及微生物数量等指标,研究了不同微生物肥料对＂赤霞珠＂葡萄生长性状以及土壤质量的影响。结果表明：各肥料处理对葡萄生长性状和土壤质量均有显著影响,其中每667m2施用胶冻样芽孢杆菌0.5kg效果最为明显,其葡萄新梢直径、主干直径、单果质量分别较CK提高16.67%、14.81%、42.37%;且可使各土层土壤容重降低、孔隙度增加,并且碱解氮、速效钾和有机质含量均有不同程度提高;能有效提高耕作层不同部位的土壤生物活性,其中以0~20cm土层较为明显,过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、脲酶、细菌、放线菌分别较CK增加150.00%、220.00%、89.41%、64.44%、71.23%。因此,每667m2施用胶冻样芽孢杆菌0.5kg能更好的增加土壤养分释放,增强土壤生物活性,从而促进葡萄更好的生长和土壤质量的提升,实现土壤的可持续利用。Taking 5-year-old wine grape‘Cabernet Sauvignon＇as test material,the effect of microbial fertilizer on the‘Cabernet Sauvignon＇grape growth and soil properties were studied by measuring the growth index,soil physical and chemical properties,soil enzyme activity and microbial quantity,etc..The results showed that two microbial fertilizers promoted the growth of grapes and improved soil properties effectively.The best dose of the Bacillus mucilaginosus was0.5kg per 667m2.Compared with CK,the grape shoot diameter,trunk diameter and fruit weight improved by 16.67%,14.81%,42.37%;it also could make the soil bulk density decreased,the porosity increased,and available N,available K and organic matter contents had varying degrees;it improved soil biological activity in different depth of soil,especially in the 0-20 cm soil layer,catalase,alkaline phosphatase,urease bacteria and actinomycetes strain increased 150.00%,220.00%,89.41%,64.44% and 71.23%.Therefore,in every 667m2 using 0.5kg Bacillus mucilaginous could better increase the soil nutrient release;enhance soil biological activity,so as to promote better grape growth and soil quality improvement.

关 键 词：微生物肥料 葡萄 生长 土壤性质 

分 类 号：S663.106.2[农业科学—果树学]