园艺作物核心种质构建的研究进展  

Review of the Studies on Core Collection for Horticultural Crops

作　　者：缪黎明[1] 王神云[2] 邹明华[1] 李建斌[2] 孔李俊 余小林[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农学院园艺系/农业部园艺植物生长发育与品质调控重点开放实验室/浙江省园艺植物整合生物学研究与应用重点实验室,杭州310058 [2]江苏省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2016年第5期791-800,共10页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：农业部"948"项目(2014-Z28);国家自然科学基金(31460521);宁波市科技计划项目(2015C110008);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-25);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD02B01)

摘　　要：构建核心种质是植物遗传资源的研究热点和重点之一,对种质资源的鉴定、保存、利用与交流具有重要意义。本文简要介绍了植物遗传资源核心种质的概念及其构建方法,综述了园艺作物核心种质构建的研究新进展,并对今后该领域的研究趋势进行了展望。提出了种质分组及取样策略是园艺作物核心种质构建方法研究的重点;应及时构建一批大宗园艺作物以及我国原产和特产园艺作物的核心种质;高度重视基于重测序技术快速、精准、高通量地挖掘园艺作物核心种质优异基因的研究以及要加强科研管理与协作,切实提高我国园艺作物核心种质研究成果的共享性等观点,为园艺作物种质资源的深入研究与高效利用提供理论依据和技术参考。Core collection always plays an important role and one of the highlight in the study of plant germplasm resources, which shows an important significance for the evaluation, conservation, utilization and exchange of plant germplasm resources. In this paper, the concept of the core collection of plant genetic resource, procedures of its construction, and the new research progress of the core collection construction in horticultural crops have briefly been summarized. Subsequently, some perspectives have been proposed in this research field in the near future. Four novel opinions have been presented, （ 1 ） grouping of germplasm and sampling strategy are always the most important steps in the core collection of horticultural crops ; （2） core collection of horticultural crops, with a large produce and originated from China, need to be carried out as soon as possible; （3）we should pay high attention to the study on gene discovery and utilization with the rapid, precise and high-throughput pattern based on re-sequencing technology ; （4） we need to enhance the research management and cooperation to increase the sharing of the existing core collection in horticultural crops around the whole country. This paper provides the theoretical and technological reference for further study and application of horticultural crops core collection.

关 键 词：园艺作物 种质资源 核心种质 遗传多样性 

分 类 号：S602[农业科学—园艺学]