城市公园防灾减灾功能改造研究——以东山岛虎山公园为例  

Study on transformation of urban disaster prevention and reduction functions: A case study of Tiger hill park in Dongshan island of Fujian province

作　　者：陈亮[1] 胡希军[1] 陈存友[1] 毛克俭 叶霖 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学风景园林学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学芦头实验林场,湖南平江414500 [3]平江县林业局,湖南平江414500

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2016年第7期134-140,共7页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201404710);湖南省"十二五"重点学科(风景园林学)(湘教发[2011]76号)

摘　　要：防灾公园是城市防灾减灾体系重要组成部分,功能完善的防灾公园对城市安全的保护具有重要意义。针对我国小城市、沿海地震频发地区城市公园的现状,进行了的防灾减灾功能改造研究。以福建省东山岛虎山公园为例,在调查分析其自然环境(地质条件,高程和坡度)的基础上,对其人工环境作了分析,对其安全条件作了评估。采用GIS地理分析技术,从场所、通道、设施、植物规划4个方面,进行了防灾减灾功能改造规划。将公园分为文史景观区(28 216 m^2)、观赏景观区(17 292 m^2)、保卫战景观区(33 836 m^2)、防灾科普景观区(11 867 m^2)、生态防护区(96 036 m^2)和农家乐休闲(21 830 m^2)六个景观休闲区;根据平灾转换的原则,对公园进行灾时规划,分出了灾时棚宿区(15 500 m^2)、灾时车宿区(7 113 m^2)、物资储存中心(5 960 m^2)、医疗救护中心(1 535 m^2)、灾时指挥区(2 433 m^2)以及疏散通道(2 125 m)。规划虎山公园灾时棚宿区面积15 500 m^2,占城市受灾时防灾规划用地面积47%,可容纳7750人避难。该改造规划完善了虎山公园防灾配套设施和防灾植物搭配,提高了防灾减灾功能,可为相关城市公园防灾改造建设提供参考。Urban calamity prevention park is one of important parts of urban disaster prevention and mitigation system, a perfect function urban disaster prevention park plays important signiifcance in safeguard of urban safety. In view of the small cities, coastal earthquake-prone areas of the city park and the status quo, the study on remoulding urban park function in disaster prevention and hedge was carried out. By taking Dongshan Island Tiger Hill Park in Fujian province as an example, based on the investigating survey analysis of natural environment conditions （geological conditions, elevation and slope）, the artiifcial environments of the park were analyzed and the security conditions of the park was also evaluated. With GIS geographic analysis technology, from four aspects of the place and sites, channel, facilities, and plant planning, the disaster prevention park’s renovation and planning were conducted. The park was divided into six landscape and leisure areas：literary history landscape area （28 216 m^2）, ornamental landscape area （17 292 m^2）, combat game landscape area （33 836 m^2）, disaster prevention popular science landscape area （11 867 m^2）, ecological protection zone （96 036 m^2） and farmhouse leisure zone （21 830 m^2）. According to the principle of normal times-disaster happen transformation, the park was planed to response to disaster happen, the park was divided into six function zones and parts：shed residential zone when disaster happen （15 500 m^2）, car residential zone when disaster happen （7 113 m^2）, material storage center （5 960 m^2）, Medical rescue center （1 535 m^2）, command post （2 433 m^2） and evacuation routes and channel （2 125 m ）. The area of shed residential zone when disaster happen （15 500 m^2） accounts for the city’s 47%of disaster planning land area, can accommodates 7750 people asylum. The transformation perfects the disaster prevention facilities and disaster prevention plant collocation, improves the disaster prevent

关 键 词：城市园林绿地规划 城市防灾减灾体系 防灾公园 公园防灾避险功能 植物绿化规划 

分 类 号：S759.91[农业科学—森林经理学]