基于两步成像的单缝衍射自动测量  

Automatic measurement of single slit diffraction using two-step imaging

作　　者：王一洁[1] 牛立刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学电子科学与工程学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《物理实验》2016年第9期37-41,共5页Physics Experimentation

摘　　要：建立基于两步成像的单缝衍射自动测量系统,用CCD连续采集成像于旋转白屏的单缝衍射图像,通过衍射图像的平均消除激光散斑的影响;通过分别对零级和非零级条纹成像,解决CCD动态范围较小的问题;用图像处理方法进行条纹水平矫正、极小值位置自动判读,实现单缝宽度自动测量功能.用此系统进行了单缝衍射条纹光强分布及单缝宽度的自动测量实验,相对偏差在2%以内.An automatic system for measuring single slit diffraction was demonstrated using twostep imaging. Diffraction fringes were imaged on a rotating white screen, which was driven by a motor. The diffraction patterns were continuously captured by an area-array camera, and all the images were averaged to reduce the influence of laser speckle. The single slit was illuminated with lasers of different intensities in order to remove the limit of the low dynamic range of the camera. Image and signal processing were used to correct the horizontal tilt of the diffraction fringes and calculate the location of the dark fringes. And then, the width of the single slit was obtained. The experimental results showed that the relative error was less than 2 %.

关 键 词：单缝衍射 光强分布 散斑 

分 类 号：O436.1[机械工程—光学工程]