汽车模具拐角加工铣削力建模及仿真  

Modeling and Simulation on Milling Forces in Automobile Mould Corner

作　　者：季思慧 刘献礼[1] 李茂月[1] 王广越[1] 石垒[1] 丁文彬[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨理工大学机械动力工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《哈尔滨理工大学学报》2016年第4期50-58,共9页Journal of Harbin University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(431010515)

摘　　要：针对数控加工汽车模具型腔中的典型特征拐角时,由于刀具切削余量的增加引起刀具振动加大、噪声加剧、铣削力变化明显及刀具与加工表面挤压加大产生振颤,造成刀具刚性不足、使用寿命降低、加工型面表面粗糙度不均等问题.以汽车模具典型特征拐角为研究对象,依据任意角度铣削拐角几何关系,采用有限元模拟分析方法,进行铣削力建模及仿真.首先建立任意角度拐角铣削过程平均切削厚度计算模型,然后进行铣削力系数识别试验确定铣削力系数;其次结合铣削厚度公式及铣削力系数,建立平底立铣刀拐角加工过程建立瞬态铣削力数学模型;最后对拐角瞬态铣削力进行仿真预测,并与拐角铣削加工试验结果对比.结果表明,仿真软件能有效预测拐角铣削力,为切削参数优选提供参考和理论支撑.Because of the typical corner of automobile die in NC lowance leads to bigger cutter shake, more noise, obvious change of machining, the increase of cutter chipping al- forces and trembles caused by the increasing extrusion between cutter and cutting surface, which may cause problems like short of rigidity, loss of life and uneven roughness on the processing surface. With typical corner of automobile mould as research object, we proceed modeling and simulating on forces according to geometric relations of milling corner at any angle, by using finite element simulation analysis method. Firstly, we make calculation model on the average cutting thick- ness during milling process at any angle, and then carry on the coefficient identification test to identify coefficient. Secondly, combined milling thickness formula and force force coefficient and establish a machining process of flat end mill corner and mathematical model of transient milling force. Finally, we make simulation pre- diction on transient milling force and compare it with the test results of corner milling. The results show that the simulation software can effectively predict the milling force in corner and provide a reference and theoretical support cutting parameter optimization.

关 键 词：汽车模具 拐角 铣削力建模 仿真预测 

分 类 号：TG506[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]