河南周口叶氏庄园日照环境分析  

The Analysis on Solar Environment of Ye's Manor Zhoukou Henan

作　　者：田润禾 渠滔[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学土木建筑学院,河南开封475004

出　　处：《河南大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第5期610-617,共8页Journal of Henan University:Natural Science

基　　金：河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(12B560003)

摘　　要：以叶氏庄园为研究对象,将建筑模拟仿真软件作为研究传统民居建筑日照环境的重要辅助工具,以期通过这样的研究方法,来挖掘传统民居建筑中被动式设计智慧及探索影响其日照环境的因素,分析其各个影响因素之间的因果关系,并从中总结对现代建筑设计具有积极意义的经验;通过对叶氏庄园的地理环境、日照环境特征以及现状进行归纳总结,结合实地测绘数据结果,利用AutoCAD绘制叶氏庄园的平面图,在SketchUp中建立仿真模型,并对其进行日照环境仿真模拟分析,以计算得出的大寒日日照数据为研究基准,分别从太阳高度角和方位角两个分析视角,对叶氏庄园其院落及建筑的朝向、间距、高度等进行无遮挡、假定模拟对比,分析它们对日照环境的影响;并在数据分析结果支撑下,得出叶氏庄园的院落、堂屋及厢房的日照环境存在较大的差距,院落、堂屋在大寒日当天可得到2~6h的满窗日照时数,而厢房仅有不到1h的日照时数,通过无遮挡模拟分析,分析出门楼及堂屋的高度是影响厢房日照的主要因素,当其降低一定高度后,厢房就可得到充足的日照.研究认为,传统民居建筑在节约经济、低技术的条件下,其日照环境质量基本符合现代建筑相关规范和标准,虽然门楼及堂楼的高度影响了厢房日照环境,但在其取舍过程中更多地考虑为院落的空间秩序、使用功能及其防御性.With Ye’s Manor as a research subject,we trying to explored the passive design wisdom of traditional architecture and the factors influencing its sunlight by using simulation software of architecture as an important auxiliary tool to study the sunlight of traditional Chinese dwellings with an attempt to analyze the causal relationships of several variables,thereby shedding light on modern architectural design.With the consideration of its geographical environment,solar environment and the status quo,we used AutoCAD to draw the floor plan for Ye’s Manor,establish simulation models in SketchUp,make simulation analysis to its sunlight and calculate the data of the sunlight on the Great Cold（one of the 24 th solar terms）.Based on the analysis of the data,with solar altitude angle and solar azimuth,I drew comparisons by making unscreened simulation between the directions,spacing of buildings,and height of Ye’s Manor and its yards and buildings related,and analyzing its impact of the above mentioned factors on solar environment.With the support of the data,we find out that there is major difference in solar environments among yards,center rooms,and wing rooms.Specifically,the yard and the center rooms get 2to 6hof sunlight compared with 1hof sunlight of wing rooms on the Great Gold.With unscreened analysis,it is concluded that the height of the arch over a gateway and the center room is the major influencing factor of wing rooms’sunlight.If they are lowered,wing rooms will obtain ample sunlight.It is studied that the solar environment of the traditional households basically meets the regulations and standards of modern architecture in spite of its economic and technical constraints.Although the height of the arch and the center room compromisethe sunlight of the wing rooms,the design should put the order,function and defense of the yard into consideration.

关 键 词：叶氏庄园 传统民居 日照环境分析 仿真模拟 

分 类 号：TU201.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]