基于ArcGIS和DEM模型的耕地利用格局分析  

An analysis of farmland use patterns based on the Digital Elevation Model and Arc GIS

作　　者：王军强 胡晓光 岳颖 别雪艳 段云峰 谭秋霞 高富岗 

机构地区：[1]河北盛世圆福项目管理集团有限公司,河北廊坊065000 [2]山西农业大学资源环境学院,山西太谷030801 [3]南京农业大学土地管理学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《上海国土资源》2016年第3期40-43,共4页Shanghai Land & Resources

基　　金：国土资源部公益性项目行业科研专项(2009HX01)

摘　　要：基于DEM模型和GIS平台,运用景观生态学基本原理,探究黄土高原小流域不同地形条件下的耕地利用格局以及农户经营行为特征,为促进区域农业的可持续发展奠定基础.结果表明：（1）流域内91.64%的耕地集中于〈1300m高程范围内,90.61%的耕地分布于〈15°的宜耕区.（2）在〈1200m高程范围内,〈15°的宜耕区内,耕地类型多样,斑块数最多,内部的斑块组合最复杂;在1200-1300m高程范围内,15°-25°坡度区内斑块的连通性好;〉1300m高程范围内〉25° 坡度地带内,斑块间的干扰性小,景观的破碎化程度也略高.（3）耕地利用的破碎化现状,深刻影响着农户水保行为、 种植行为及兼业行为,使得农户经营行为差异化、区域化明显.因此,流域应加强土地综合整治力度,调整农业经营模 式,为耕地资源的高效集约利用及农业规模化经营创造条件.Based on the Digital Elevation Model （DEM） and GIS platform, we explore the characteristics of farmland use pattern and the production and operation behavior of farmer households under different terrain conditions of small watersheds in the loess plateau by applying landscape ecological fundamentals. In so doing, we aim to lay a foundation for the sustainable development of regional agriculture. The results show several key trends： （1） 91.64% of farmland was located at less than 1300 m, and 90.61% of farmland in the arable area is at less than 15° . （2） At less than 1200 m, and in the arable area less than 15° with rich types , the highest number of patch, and the most complicated patch group, was formed. This formed a superior connectivity in the range between 1200-1300 m and the slope zone of 15°-25°. The interference between patches was small and the level of landscape fragmentation was also slightly higher above 1300 m and the slope zone greater than 25°. （3） The current fragmented pattern of farmland use has important impacts on the soil and water conservation, planting, and business behaviors of farmer households. This made and operation behaviors of farmer households differ across regions . Therefore, we argue that we need to strengthen the comprehensive rearrangement of land and adjust the agricultural production mode, in an effort to create conditions for the high intensive utilization of farmland resources and agricultural large-scale management.

关 键 词：耕地利用格局 农户经营行为 DEM模型 地形分布指数 

分 类 号：F301.21[经济管理—产业经济]