避雨栽培对宫枣成熟期光合生态因子及光合作用的影响  

Effects of Rain-shelter Cultivation on Ecological Factors and Photosynthesis of Gongzao at Mature Stages

作　　者：杨俊强[1] 陈红玉[1] 申仲妹[1] 马光跃[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院园艺研究所,山西太原030031

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2016年第9期1268-1271,1290,共5页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山西省农业科技成果转化和推广示范工程(2015CGZH028);山西省农业科学院攻关项目(2013GG42)

摘　　要：探讨避雨栽培对宫枣果实成熟期生理生态因子及光合作用的影响,为宫枣高产优质避雨栽培提供参考依据。试验以避雨和露地栽培的宫枣为试材,利用光合测定系统测定宫枣果实成熟期叶片的净光合速率(Pn)及其他主要生理生态因子的日变化,并应用灰色关联系统理论分析宫枣避雨栽培条件下果实成熟期的净光合速率与其他主要生理生态因子的关联度。结果表明,避雨栽培条件下,宫枣果实成熟期冠层白天日均温度较露地低2.6%,相对湿度较露地高5.1%;光能利用率较露地高,表现为Pn与露地差异不明显。避雨条件下,Pn与气孔开张度(Cd)、蒸腾速率(Tr)关系最密切,露地栽培条件下则是与气孔开张度(Cd)、相对湿度(RH)关系密切。可见,在宫枣成熟期进行避雨栽培,对其光合作用没有显著影响,在生产中可利用架构避雨设施进行宫枣高产优质栽培。The present experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of rain-shelter cultivation on physiological and ecological factors and photosynthesis of Gongzao at mature stage, in order to provide theoretical basis of cultivation technology for high-yield and high-quality Gongzao. Using Gongzao cultivated in rain-shelter and open field as materials, the diurnal changes of net photosynthetic rate（Pn） in leaf and other physiological and ecological factors were investigated by using photosynthetic measure system at mature stages. Besides, the relational degree between Pn of Gongzao leaf and main factors were analyzed based on grey system theory. The results showed that the daily average temperature in canopy at mature stages was 2.6% lower than that in the open field, and the average daily relative humidity in canopy was 5.1% higher than that in the open field. Moreover, there was no significant difference between Pn of leaf in rain-shelter and open field. And the Pn of leaf inside rain-shelter were closely associated with stomatal opening strength （Cd） and transpiration rate （Tr） ,while Cd and relative humidity （RH） had the closest relations on Pn of leaf in open field. Conclusion is that the rain-shelter cultivation will effectively reduce daily average temperature and PAR of Gongzao canopy, yet it has no negative effect on photosynthesis of Gongzao. Therefore, the rain-sheher facilities can be used to cultivate high-yield and high-quality Gongzao.

关 键 词：避雨棚 光合有效辐射 设施栽培 净光合速率 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]