不同紫花苜蓿品种植株浸提液对种子萌发和幼苗生长的自毒效应  

Effect of autotoxicityof aqueous extract from different alfalfa varieties on seed germination and seedling growth

作　　者：荣思川 王美宁[1] 向素梅 孙灿灿[1] 师尚礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院/草业生态系统教育部重点实验室/甘肃省草业工程实验室/中-美草地畜牧业可持续发展研究中心,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《草原与草坪》2016年第4期6-15,共10页Grassland and Turf

基　　金：国家现代牧草产业技术体系建设专项(CARA-35);全国种质资源保护(NB2130135)资助

摘　　要：以5个紫花苜蓿品种为浸提液提取材料,分别用不同浓度（0、10、30、50、70g/L）的根、茎、叶浸提液处理甘农3号紫花苜蓿种子及幼苗,研究不同处理对其种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：5个苜蓿品种植株浸提液对甘农3号种子萌发和幼苗生长具有明显自毒效应,其效应因苜蓿品种、器官和浸提液浓度不同而存在显著差异。同一品种、相同浓度下自毒效应强弱顺序为叶〉茎〉根;同一品种和器官的浸提液随着浓度的增大,甘农3号苜蓿种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数均显著降低,胚根长、胚芽长及根系活力显著减小;随着浸提液浓度逐渐增大（10~70g/L）,种子发芽势、发芽率的化感指数（RI）也逐渐增大（0.002 6~12.640 0）,同时受抑制程度逐步增强,而且,叶浸提液对种子发芽势、发芽率抑制作用最强,根浸提液抑制作用最弱,茎浸提液抑制作用居中。同样的,随着浸提液浓度增大,幼苗的胚根长、胚芽长受抑制程度也逐步增大（1.3%~54.1%）,其中根浸提液抑制率在1.3%~31.3%,茎浸提液抑制率在4.0%~34.1%,而浓度为50g/L叶浸提液抑制率达到54.1%,浓度为70g/L叶浸提液甚至致使苜蓿种子和幼苗腐烂或死亡,检测不到胚根长、胚芽长。不同苜蓿品种的自毒作用存在差异;同一苜蓿品种,根、茎、叶浸提液的自毒效应叶浸提液最强,其次为茎浸提液,根浸提液自毒效应最弱。苜蓿自毒作用会抑制种子萌发和幼苗的胚根、胚芽生长。The aqueous extracts from root,stem and leaf of 5alfalfa varieties were used to tested its autotoxicity with 5concentration（0,10,30,50 and 70g/L）to seed germination and seedling growth of Gannong No 3.The results showed that the seed germination and seedling growth were obviously suppressed,and this effect significantly varied with varieties,organs and concentration.With same variety,leaf had the highest autotoxicity under the same concentration of aqueous extract,it was followed by stem and root.The seed germination potential,germination rate,germination index and vigor index as well as the radical length,sprout length and root vitality of seedling showed a significant drop with the increase of aqueous extract concentration from the same organ.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 水浸提液 种子萌发 幼苗生长 自毒效应 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]