有色冶炼厂周边地表灰尘中重金属污染特征及健康风险评价  

Characteristics and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal in the Surface Dust Around the Nonferrous Smeltery

作　　者：张丽[1,2] 袁攀[1] 王浩泉 许大毛[1] 李琼[1,2] 张家泉[1,2] 肖文胜[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北理工学院环境科学与工程学院,湖北黄石435003 [2]湖北理工学院矿区环境污染控制与修复湖北省重点实验室,湖北黄石435003

出　　处：《湖北理工学院学报》2016年第4期11-16,25,共7页Journal of Hubei Polytechnic University

基　　金：湖北理工学院校级科研项目(项目编号:16xjz05Q);湖北省科技支撑计划项目(项目编号:2014BHE0030);湖北省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(项目编号:201410920017)

摘　　要：于2014年11月采集大冶有色冶炼厂周边地表灰尘样品8个,用火焰原子吸收分光光度法分析其重金属(Cr、Ni、Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn)含量,探讨周边地表灰尘中重金属污染特征,并进行健康风险评价。结果表明:大冶有色冶炼厂周边地表灰尘中重金属含量平均值排序为Cu>Zn>Pb>Cr>Cd>Ni,其平均含量分别为5 381.39 mg·kg-1、3 971.72 mg·kg-1、1 754 mg·kg-1、150.87 mg·kg-1、120.76 mg·kg-1、80.92 mg·kg-1,且各指标的变异系数较大,空间分布不均匀。通过主成分分析和相关性分析得出重金属污染来源和空间分布主要受金属冶炼等活动影响;Cr和Cd的致癌风险较小或可以忽略,重金属非致癌总风险为儿童高于成人,其中Zn和Cu可能引起较严重的儿童健康风险。To study environmental pollution characteristics and the health risk in different mediums surround- ing the Daye Nonferrous Smeltery, eight surface dust samples were collected around the studying area, respec- tively in November 2014. Heavy metals （Cr, Ni, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn） have been detected by flame atomic absorp- tion spectrometric （FAAS）. The heavyrnetals of pollution characteristics and health risk assessment in dust is discussed. The results show that the average concentrations of heavy metals follow the order ： Cu 〉 Zn 〉 Pb 〉 Cr 〉 Cd 〉 Ni,The contents of heavy metals were 5 381.39 mg · kg-1.3 971.72 mg · kg-1,1 754 mg · kg-1,150.87 mg · kg-1 ,120.76 mg· kg-1 ,80.92 mg· kg-1 ,Index of variation coefficient indicated that spatial distributions of heavy metals were uneven. Pollutant source and spatial distribution of heavy metal were mainly affected by nonferrous smelting metals production activities and natural environmental factors. The carcinogenic risk of Cr and Cd was very little and it can be ignored. The noncancer risk caused by heavy metals for children was higher than that for adults ,among which Zn and Cu may lead to children＇s severe health risk.

关 键 词：有色冶炼厂 重金属 地表灰尘 污染特征 健康风险评价 

分 类 号：X503[环境科学与工程—环境工程]