中国古代历书之纪年表初探  

A Study on the Chronology Lists in Pre-modern Chinese Almanacs

作　　者：汪小虎[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学公共管理学院,华南师范大学历史文化学院社会时间史研究所,广州510006

出　　处：《自然科学史研究》2016年第2期150-166,共17页Studies in The History of Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目"中国计量史"(项目编号:15ZDB030)

摘　　要：纪年表是传统历日中关乎王朝正统性的重要内容。文章运用历日实物与历史文献相互印证的方法,首先考索纪年表这种形式从唐宋到明清的发展脉络。又进一步聚焦于明代大统历日,阐述其纪年表体现制度特征的两种类型:一、追改纪年,即当下朝廷为昭示自身合法性,在纪年表中追改前任统治者之年号纪年;二、改元易号,即造历需要与改元衔接,纪年表亦随之更新年号。最后,文章对中国古代颁历授时传统的性质进行了重新诠释。In pre-modern China, the almanac chronology list had a close relation with dynastic legitimacy. By studying such almanacs and other historical documents, this paper investigates the historical evolution of the chronology list from the Tang to Qing dynasties. Focusing on the almanac of the Ming Dynasty Datong Calendar, the two aspects which reflected the characteristics of the chronology list are explained： firstly, how the government replaced the former rulers＇ chronology to show its legitimacy; secondly, how the almanac should keep pace with the updates in chronology. In doing so, this paper makes a new interpretation of the tradition of almanac promulgation in pre-modern China.

关 键 词：历书(历日) 颁历 年号 纪年表 正朔 

分 类 号：P195[天文地球—天文学]