2014年福建省结核病流行病学抽样调查结果分析  

Analysis on the results of tuberculosis epidemiological sampling survey in Fujian Province in 2014

作　　者：杜永成[1] 戴志松[1] 梁庆福[1] 林勇明[1] 黄智忠[1] 李卫林[1] 陈丹声[1] 赵永[1] 魏淑贞[1] 林建[1] 陈代权[1] 陈江芬 周银发[1] 柳珍妮 林淑芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省疾病预防控制中心结核病防治科,福州350001

出　　处：《中国防痨杂志》2016年第9期757-760,共4页Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金（2014J01280）

摘　　要：【摘要】目的系统掌握福建省结核病流行现状和危害程度，为制定结核病防治规划提供科学依据。方法2014年5—9月采用随机数字表法在福建省抽取30个结核病流行病学抽样调查（简称“流调”）点，抽样人数81592名，应检人数为43283名，现场调查实检人数为41471名，受检率为95．8％。对流调点的15岁以上41381名常住人口进行胸部X线摄影检查，对397例胸部x线摄片检查异常者和肺结核可疑症状者进行3次痰涂片和2次痰培养检查，分析15岁以上人口肺结核患病率及与1990年相比肺结核患病率下降幅度、递减率等指标。结果2014年福建省活动性肺结核、涂阳和菌阳肺结核患病率分别为226／10万、53／10万和70／10万；与1990年的352／10万、133／10万和165／10万相比，下降幅度分别为35．8％、60．2％和57．6oA，年递降率分别为1．8oA、3．7％和3．5％。活动性肺结核患病率随年龄的增长而逐渐上升，从15~24岁年龄组的91／10万上升至65岁以上年龄组的587／10万，差异有统计学意义（x^2趋势=19．96，P〈0．05）。乡村和城镇的活动性肺结核患者患病率分别为224／10万和228／10万，差异无统计学意义（x^2=0．84，P〉0．05）；乡村的涂阳和菌阳患病率分别为82／10万和110／10万，均高于城镇的患病率（26／10万和32／10万），差异均有统计学意义（x^2值分别为7．36和12．12，P值均〈0．05）。结论福建省肺结核患病率呈下降趋势，患病率低于全国水平，但患者基数大，老龄化趋势严重。Objective To understand the prevalence status and the extent of damage of tuberculosis （TB） in Fujian, and to provide scientific basis for TB control program. Methods Thirty sites were extracted by random number table method from May to September in 2014. 81 592 people were sampled and 43 283 people should be sur- veyed, and 41 471 people was really surveyed in the field, the tested rate was 95.8%. 41 381 people of permanent residents over 15 years old in all sites were administered chest X-ray. Three hundred and ninety seven people with suspected pulmonary TB lesion shown by X-ray or with suspected pulmonary TB symptoms were performed three sputum smear and two culture examinations. The prevalence rate of TB cases over 15 years old, cases at age of 15 and above, the descend range and the yearly reduction rate in comparison with the survey in 1990 were analyzed. Results The prevalence rate of active, smear positive and bacteriologically con/irmed TB in 2014 was 226/100 000, 53/100 000 and 70/100 000 respectively. Comparing with the rate of 352/100 000, 133/100 000 and 165/100 000 in 1990, the prevalence rate declined by 35.8%, 60.2% and 57. 6% respectively, and the yearly reduction rate was 1.8%, 3.7% and 3.5%. The prevalence rate of active TB rises gradually with age, from 91/100 000 at the age- group of 15--24 to 587/100 000 at the age-group Of 65 and above （xtrend^2=19. 96, P〈0. 05）. The prevalence rate of active TB in rural and in cities was respectively 224/100 000 and 228/100 000, and there was no statistically significant difference （x^2=0.84, P〈0.05）. The prevalence rate of smear positive （82/100 0000 and culture positive （110/100 000） in rural areas were higher than those in cities （26/100 000 and 32/100 000）, and the differences were statistical sig- nificance （x^2=7.36 and 12.12, P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The prevalence rate of TB in Fujian showed a downward trend and was lower than the national level. However, the number of TB cases is huge and the population aging is intens

关 键 词：结核 肺/流行病学 患病率 抽样研究 福建省 

分 类 号：R532.21[医药卫生—内科学]