儿童医院医院感染管理30年状况调查  

Management on healthcare-associated infection in children's hospitals in the past 30 years

作　　者：秦小平[1] 吕华[2] 陈宝敏[3] 刘坤[4] 于磊[1] 刘凤英[1] 张殿香[5] 李夏明[6] 

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院,北京100020 [2]浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院,浙江杭州310051 [3]中国医学科学院肿瘤医院,北京100021 [4]北京大学国际医院,北京102206 [5]北京垂杨柳医院,北京100021 [6]北京安贞医院,北京100029

出　　处：《中国感染控制杂志》2016年第9期689-693,共5页Chinese Journal of Infection Control

基　　金：中国医院协会<中国医院感染管理工作30周年总结>项目(CHA-2016-026-053)

摘　　要：目的了解我国儿童医院30年医院感染管理发展历程及现状。方法采用回顾性调查方法对20所儿童医院进行调查,调查内容包括:医院基本情况、医院感染管理组织和专职人员配备、医院领导对医院感染管理工作的支持情况、医院感染知识培训情况、医院感染监测情况等。结果至2015年20所医院均设置了独立的医院感染管理科,并成立了医院感染管理委员会。2015年1 000张床以上的医院有46.15%(6/13)的医院专职人员配备不足。2015年20所儿童医院共有医院感染管理专职人员88名,学历以本科为主(47名,占53.41%),职称以中级为主(30名,占34.09%),专业以护理为主(41名,占46.59%)。至2015年,医院感染发病率、漏报率、抗菌药物使用率、新生儿医院感染发病率均较2006年下降。2015年20所(100.00%)医院均开展了抗菌药物使用监测、多重耐药菌监测、消毒灭菌监测、配备了防护用品。2015年9所医院(45.00%)的全部病区使用非手触式水龙头,19所(95.00%)医院全部病区配备了干手纸巾、速干手消毒剂。1996年无一所医院医院感染专职人员参加国家级培训≥3次,2015年有11所(55.00%)。结论近30年来,我国儿童医院的医院感染管理工作基本达到要求,医院感染监测逐步完善,但医院感染专职人员配备、人员素质能力仍需加强。Objective To understand the development history and current situation of healthcare-associated infection（HAI）management in children＇s hospitals in China during the past 30 years.Methods A retrospective survey was conducted in 20 children＇s hospitals,the investigated contents included：basic situation of hospitals,HAI management organizations and professionals,the support of hospital leaders for the management of HAI,training on HAI knowledge,monitoring on HAI,and so on.Results Up to 2015,20 hospitals all set up independent HAI management departments and HAI management committees,46.15%（6/13）of hospitals with more than1 000 beds were understaffed in HAI management.There were a total of 88 professionals in HAI management in 20children＇s hospitals in 2015,53.41%（n=47）of professionals had bachelor degree,34.09%（n=30）were with intermediate professional title,46.59%（n=41）were nursing staff.Up to 2015,incidences and missing report ratesof HAI,antimicrobial usage rates,incidences of HAI in neonates all decreased compared with 2006.In 2015,20（100.00%）hospitals all carried out monitoring on antimicrobial application,multidrug-resistant organisms,disinfection and sterilization,and provided personnel protective equipment.In2015,9（45.00%）hospitals used non-touch faucets in all wards,19（95.00%）hospitals supplied hand-drying paper towel and alcohol-based hand rub in all wards.None of professionals in these hospitals participated in national-level training on HAI for≥3 times in1996,professionals in 11 hospitals（55.00%）participated in national-level training for≥3 times in 2015.Conclusion In the past 30 years,the management of HAI in children＇s hospitals in China has basically met the requirement,monitoring on HAI gradually improved,but allocation of HAI professionals and personnel quality ability still need to be strengthened.

关 键 词：儿童医院 医院感染 管理 调查 

分 类 号：R197.323[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]