基于核酸物理有机化学原理探讨化学致癌相关问题的分子机制  

Molecular Mechanism of Chemical Carcinogenesis Related Topics Based on Physical Chemistry Principles of Nucleic Acids

作　　者：王志鹏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学化学系 [2]Chemistry Department,Texas A&M University,College Station

出　　处：《化学教育》2016年第18期1-9,共9页Chinese Journal of Chemical Education

摘　　要：核酸（DNA，RNA）作为遗传信息的载体是生物体内最重要的生物大分子之一。作为有机分子，其功能必然基于其本身结构和化学性质。从核苷酸与寡聚核苷酸的化学反应性质入手阐述3类主要的与DNA的反应，即与静态DNA反应导致结构变化；与动态过程中的DNA反应导致功能受阻；碱基插入型导致突变。详细分析了各类与DNA作用分子的物理化学机制，并讨论其与化学致癌、癌症化疗、化学诱变等在分子层面的联系。希望对核酸相关的化学、生物学及医学的教学与研究有所帮助。Nucleic acids （DNA and RNA）, as the carriers of genetic information, are one of the most important molecules in the biological systems. As a group of organic molecules, the function has to be closely related and regulated by their structures and chemical properties. This paper starts with analyzing the basic chemical properties of nucleotide and oligonucleotide. Three categories of small molecules are summarized in a detailed and complete manner： molecules reacting with DNA in its resting state causing structural change; molecules reacting with DNA in its activated state causing blocked activity; and molecules causing single nucleotide mutation. The connections have also been discussed between nucleic acid chemistry and chemical carcinogenesis, cancer chemotherapy, as well as chemical mutagenesis. Hope to contribute to the further education and research on the nucleic acid chemistry, biology, and medical science.

关 键 词：核酸 DNA 化学致癌 癌症化疗 化学诱变 

分 类 号：O629.74-4[理学—有机化学] G642[理学—化学]