微孔过滤分离技术在空间氢氧质子交换膜燃料电池中的应用  

The Application of Microporous Filter Technology in Space Hydrogen-oxygen PEMFC System

作　　者：蒋永伟[1] 刘向[1] 朱荣杰[1] 张伟[1] 王涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海空间电源研究所,上海200241

出　　处：《载人航天》2016年第5期631-634,640,共5页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：载人航天预先研究项目(060201)

摘　　要：传统氢氧燃料电池的水管理涉及气体循环泵、加湿器和气水分离器等辅助部件,存在系统复杂、可靠性低等问题,采用被动的水管理模式可以解决这些问题。被动式水管理的关键在于实现气液分离过程的被动化。采用高分子微孔膜作为气液分离组件,组装并测试被动排水燃料电池。测试发现,70℃温度、0.02 MPa压差情况下,0.1μm高分子微孔膜的水通量可达5 L·min-1·m-2,在满足排水需求的同时限制了气体通过多孔微孔膜的扩散迁移;200 m A·cm-2电流密度时单体电压可达0.825 V,最大稳态工作电流密度可达500 m A·cm-2,组装的被动排水燃料电池成功通过典型工况测试和方向敏感性测试。The water management of the traditional hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell system involves many auxiliary parts including the gas circulation pump,humidifier and gas-water separator etc. which makes the system complicated and unreliable. The problem can be solved by adopting the passive water management method. The key of the passive water management is the passive gas-water separation. Using the polymer microporous membrane as gas-water separator,a passive water removal fuel cell battery was assembled and tested. It was found that the water flux reached 5 L·min- 1·m- 2through the membrane of 0. 1 μm pore size when the test temperature was 70 ℃ and pressure difference was 0. 02 MPa. It limited the diffusion and migration of gas through the membrane while satisfying the demand of water removal. The single battery voltage reached 0. 825 V when the current density was 200 m A·cm- 2and the maximum stable working current density was 500 m A·cm- 2. In addition,the passive water removal fuel cell battery successfully passed the typical operating mode test and direction sensitivity test.

关 键 词：空间燃料电池 水管理 气水分离 微孔过滤 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]