超大断面竖井深孔爆破成井技术  

Technology of deep-hole blasting in ultra-large section shaft excavation

作　　者：史秀志[1] 邱贤阳[1] 聂军 李必红[3] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源与安全工程学院,长沙410083 [2]中国有色金属建设股份有限公司,北京100029 [3]国防科学技术大学指挥军官基础教育学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《工程爆破》2016年第5期7-12,共6页Engineering Blasting

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(013BAB02B05);中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2016zzts094)

摘　　要：为实现超大断面竖井高效掘进,提出基于多孔球状药包爆破和预裂爆破的深孔爆破成井技术。首先根据竖井掘进深度大、断面大的特点,设计了导井爆破、基于预裂爆破的侧崩爆破和破顶爆破的分区爆破方案;同时根据多孔球状药包爆破漏斗理论和延时爆破降振机理,提出导井精确短延时爆破成井技术,通过理论计算确定了导井爆破同层短延时时间和层间延时时间等爆破参数;基于预裂爆破作用机理,确定了周边孔预裂爆破参数。最后将研究结果在引松供水工程超大断面竖井掘进中进行现场试验,成功爆破形成了直径20m、高度50 m的调压井。试验结果证明了深孔爆破成井技术应用于超大断面竖井掘进的可行性,研究结果具有广泛的推广应用前景。In order to achieve high efficient excavation of ultra- large sect ion shaft, the technology of shaft driving by deep- hole blasting with presplit blasting was put forward. In accordance with oil shaft s character of large area and high depth, zone division blasting scheme was designed. Based on the theory of spherical charge blasting crater and vibration reduction mechanism of millisecond blasting, the surge shaft excavation by short-millisecond blasting with spherical-like charge was estab-lished. Then blasting parameters of surge shaft blasting and presplit blasting were calculated. The research results had been applied in an ultra-large section shaft excavation of water conveyance project, and a cylindrical shaft with 50 m depth and 20 m diameter was formatted successfully by deep-hole blasting. The technology of shaft driving by deep-hole blasting would have wide application prospect in the future.

关 键 词：深孔爆破成井 超大断面竖井 预裂爆破 延时时间 

分 类 号：TD235.3[矿业工程—矿井建设]