哈萨克描写语法学基本原理  

On Fundamentals of Kazak Discriptive Grammar

作　　者：张定京[1] 

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学哈萨克语言文学系,北京100081

出　　处：《中央民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第5期143-150,共8页Journal of Minzu University of China(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"实体语法理论研究--以哈萨克语为例"(项目编号:08BYY064)成果

摘　　要：描写语法学的最终目标,是发现语言中所有的语法成分,说明其形式与意义之对应情况,将其归纳成语法系统。语法成分分属"法素"和"法位"两个级别的语法单位。甄定语法单位,需区分语言和言语单位、语言和语用单位、词汇和语法单位,单纯的和合成的语法单位。将法位有序地排列成语法系统,需将所有的法位分别按形式和意义排列两次,形成服务于理解的语法形式(语法手段)系统和服务于表达的语法意义(语法范畴)系统。The final objective of discriptive grammar is to find out all grammatical elements in a language, illustrate correspondence of the form and the meaning, and compile them into a grammatical system. Grammatical units are divided into grammatical morpheme and grammeme. In order to discover, define and confirm grammatical units, it is necessary to discriminate language units from speech units and pragmatic units, grammatical units from lexical units, and simple grammatical units from compound grammatical units. In the procedure to arrange all the grammatical units into a grammatical system, it is necessary to arrange all of them twice according to form and meaning separately, so as to set up a system of grammatical form （grammatical means） for the purpose of understanding grammar and a system of grammatical meaning （grammatical category） for the purpose of expressing grammar.

关 键 词：描写语法 哈萨克语 实体语法 

分 类 号：H236[语言文字—少数民族语言]