伯乐树雌雄配子体发育的细胞学观察  

Studies on the Cytological Observation of Development of Male and Female Gametophytes in Bretschneiderasinensis

作　　者：王娟[1] 刘仁林[2] 牛来春[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学文理学院,云南昆明650202 [2]赣南师范学院生命与环境科学学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2016年第4期681-686,共6页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201304804)~~

摘　　要：伯乐树是我国特有的珍稀濒危植物,利用石蜡切片法对其大小孢子发生和雌雄配子体发育进行显微观察,结果表明:伯乐树的花药呈"蝶形",花药壁结构从外到内依次为表皮、药室内壁、中层(2层细胞)和绒毡层,典型腺质绒毡层,四分体排列方式为四面体型,成熟花粉粒为二细胞型;另外,初步测得花粉平均直径为115.5μm,具三沟,沟膜光滑,外壁雕纹网状,极面观三裂圆形;中轴胎座,倒生胚珠,双珠被,厚珠心,胚囊发育为单孢蓼型。研究结果为伯乐树的保护提供细胞学依据。Bretschneiderasinensis is a rare endemic and endangered plant in China.The microsporogenesis,megasporogenesis and development of male and female gametophytes of Bretschneiderasinensis were studied mainly using the method of paraffin section.The results showed that four pollen sacs mad up one anther,and the anther wall consisted of epidermis,endothecium,middle lamella（ 2 cell layers） and tapetum from outside to inside,typical and glandular tapetum,tetrads were terahedral,mature pollen grains were of 2-cell type; the pollen diameter was measured 115. 5 μm on average. The pollen had three ditches,whose film was smooth,exine carved line-mesh-shaped,polar view trifidcircle; whose placentae was axial,anatropous,bitegmic and crassinucellate; the development of the embryo sacs belonged to polygonum-type.The results of the study provides a cytological basis for the the protection of Bretschneiderasinensis.

关 键 词：伯乐树 大孢子 小孢子 雌配子体 雄配子体 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]