模式水平分辨率对超强台风“天兔”强度和微结构特征的影响  

THE IMPACT OF HORIZONTAL RESOLUTION ON THE INTENSITY AND MICROSTRUCTURE OF SUPER TYPHOON USAGI

作　　者：文映方 刘宇迪[1] 谭伟才[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军理工大学气象海洋学院,江苏南京211101 [2]贵阳市气象局,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《热带气象学报》2016年第4期477-485,共9页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41175089)资助

摘　　要：利用不同水平分辨率下的中尺度数值模式WRF模拟1319号超强台风"天兔",以研究模式水平分辨率对台风强度和微结构(包括动力和微物理)的影响。模拟结果表明:不同水平分辨率(1 km、2 km、3 km、4km、5 km)模拟的台风路径差异不大,且均与实况基本相同;不同水平分辨率对台风强度和微结构的模拟效果影响较大,其中以对10 m最大风速、垂直运动和降水强度的影响为最大。将模式水平分辨率提高到1 km有助于改善台风强度和微结构的模拟效果。在较低分辨率下,台风非对称性较明显、眼墙倾斜程度较大和海表水汽通量较小等结构特征共同使得台风强度较小。Typhoon Usagi （1319） was simulated by using the Advanced Weather Research and Forecasting numerical model （WRF） with different horizontal resolution to understand the impact of horizontal resolution on the intensity and characteristics of typhoon＇ s microstructures （ including dynamic and microphysical structure）. The simulated results show that the improvement of horizontal resolution from 5 km to 1 km has little impact on the track which is comparable to real results, but has a significant impact on the intensity and microstructures, and especially, the impact on wind speed at 10 m height, the vertical movement and precipitation intensity is the greatest. When the resolution is increased to 1 km, structures can be simulated better. In lower resolution the intensity and characteristics of typhoon＇s micro- simulations, some structural characteristics, including more asymmetrical and more outward tilted eyewall, and less water vapor flux on sea surface, work together to weaken typhoon intensity.

关 键 词：台风 水平分辨率 结构 强度 “天兔” 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P435[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]