基于现场混装的宽孔距空气间隔预裂爆破技术  

Wide-space and Air-decking Pre-splitting Blasting Technique based on Explosive Mixing-loading Truck

作　　者：陈明[1,2] 张俊[1,2] 郑炳旭[3] 胡英国[1,2] 卢文波[1,2] 宋锦泉[3] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学水资源与水电工程科学国家重点试验室,武汉430072 [2]武汉大学水工岩石力学教育部重点试验室,武汉430072 [3]广东宏大爆破股份有限公司,广州510623

出　　处：《爆破》2016年第3期1-4,30,共5页Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.51279146;No.51479147);水利部科技推广计划项目(TG1522)

摘　　要：采用理论分析与现场试验相结合的方法研究了混装车装药条件下的宽孔距空气间隔预裂爆破技术。理论分析结果表明:空气间隔装药预裂爆破条件下,即使预裂孔间距较大,炮孔间岩体在爆生气体压力作用下产生的应力强度因子也往往大于岩石的断裂韧度,炮孔间可以形成预裂缝。结合河南经山寺露天铁矿上覆岩层剥离进行的现场试验结果显示:岩体质量较好时,采用18倍孔径的宽孔距空气间隔装药预裂爆破技术,可获得较好的边坡轮廓成型质量,但是炮孔装药段的岩体损伤较严重,损伤深度明显大于非装药段。The wide-space and air-decking presplitting blasting technique based on explosive mixing-loading truck was studied combined with theoretical analysis and field test. Theoretical analysis results show that, under presplitting blasting condition of air-decking charge, even if the spacing between presplitting holes was relatively big, the stress intensity factor of blasthole rock mass resuhed from detonation gas pressure was generally larger than rock fracture toughness. Therefore, the presplitting cracks could be formed between the blastholes. Combined with the field test results of open pit iron mine overburden stripping in Jingshan temple of Henan province, some conclusions could be drawn that when the rock mass quality was relatively good, much better forming quality of slope contour profile could be obtained when the presplitting blasting technique was applied with wide-space and air-decking charge with 18 times of blasthole diameter. However, the disadvantage of this method mainly due to the serious damage on rock mass around the blasthole charge segments, and the rock damage zone was obviously larger than the non-charge segments.

关 键 词：炸药混装车 空气间隔 预裂爆破 轮廓 损伤 

分 类 号：O383.1[理学—流体力学] TV554[理学—力学]