“X”型宽尾墩在底流消能中的应用  

Application of X-shaped Flaring Gate Piers in Bottom-flow Dissipation

作　　者：范强[1] 田忠[1] 史润泽[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065

出　　处：《四川大学学报（工程科学版）》2016年第5期66-70,共5页Journal of Sichuan University (Engineering Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51179113)

摘　　要：针对低Fr底流消力池消能率低的问题,提出进口“X”型宽尾墩＋底流消能的消能模式,即在消力池进口设置“X”型宽尾墩,以达到分散水流、增加消能率的目的。通过试验,观测该型消能方式的水流形态、水深沿程分布、时均及脉动压强等水力学参数。结果表明：水流形成了底流＋纵向拉伸水流＋挑射水流的入池方式,水流分散入池,充分利用了消能水体;水跃长度为跃后水深与跃前水深差的6.8~13.3倍;消力池底板时均压强变化平稳,脉动压强均方根为进口流速水体的0.03~0.18倍;与传统底流消力池相比,消能率提高了2~3倍。对于低Fr底流消能,进口“X”型宽尾墩＋底流消能是一种值得推荐的消能方式。An energy dissipation model of ＂X-shaped flaring gate piers ＋ bottom-flow dissipation＂ was put forward to the problem of low energy dissipation rate for small Fr value in stilling basin. X-shaped flaring gate piers were placed at the water inlet of the stilling basin to disperse water flow and increase energy dissipation rate. Through the experiment, some hydraulic parameters were observed, including the water flow patterns, the depths of the water surface line along the stilling basin, the time-average pressures, the pulsant pressure characteristics and so on. Experiments showed that the water flow forms a mode of ＂bottom flow ＋ stretching flow in vertical ＋ flow of jet＂, the water flow fall into the stilling basin dispersely, which took full use of the interact water flow of each other. The lengths of hydraulic jump was 6.8 to 13.3 times to the different values of the initial flow depth and conjugate flow depth ;the time-average pressure on crest was toally change smoothly;the root mean square of the pulsant pressure was 0. 03 to 0.18 times to the inlet water. Compared with the traditional stilling basin, energy dissipation rate improved 2 to 3 times. For small Fr value in stilling basin,＂ X-shaped flaring gate piers ＋ bottom-flow dissipation＂ is a worth recommending method.

关 键 词：消力池 “X”型宽尾墩 底流消能 消能率 

分 类 号：TV653.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]