老年慢性病患者用药安全及健康教育需求影响因素的调查  

Investigation of the Influential Factors of Drug Safety and Health Education Demands for Elderly Patients with Chronic Diseases

作　　者：李爱琼[1] 岳月娟[1] 李吾菲[1] 丁建华[1] 刘柳成[2] 

机构地区：[1]邵阳医学高等专科学校,湖南邵阳422000 [2]邵阳医学高等专科学校附属医院,湖南邵阳422000

出　　处：《中国药房》2016年第27期3751-3754,共4页China Pharmacy

基　　金：邵阳市指导性科技计划项目(No.2014ZD19)

摘　　要：目的:为保障老年慢性病患者的用药安全提供参考。方法:随机选取邵阳医学高等专科学校附属医院2014年3月-2015年5月的住院老年慢性病患者和护理人员分别进行问卷调查,分析影响受访患者用药安全和健康教育需求的因素,探讨受访护理人员对患者开展健康教育的困难来源。结果:共向老年慢性病患者发放调查问卷500份,回收有效问卷500份,有效回收率为100%;共向护理人员发放调查问卷200份,回收有效问卷200份,有效回收率为100%。500名受访患者中发生药品不良反应(ADR)的有193名,影响其用药安全的因素包括年龄、学历、月均收入、病程以及是否接受健康教育等(P<0.05),年龄越大、学历越低、月均收入越低、病程越长以及未接受健康教育的患者其ADR发生率更高;影响其健康教育需求的因素包括学历、职业状态、病程、护理人员素质评价等(P<0.05),学历越高、病程越短的患者和在职以及护理人员素质评价高的患者健康教育需求更强烈。受访护理人员对患者开展健康教育的困难来源依次为工作忙、怕误解、难为情、认知缺乏、技巧缺乏。结论:老年慢性病患者用药安全与多种因素相关,而影响其健康教育需求的因素同样有多个。护理人员应不断提升自身能力和素质,同医师、药师一起,结合以上影响因素对患者开展健康教育,以更好地保障患者用药安全。OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for the medication safety in elderly patients with chronic diseases. METHODS： Elderly inpatients with chronic diseases and nursing staff in affiliated hospital of shaoyang medical college, from Mar. 2014 to May 2015 were randomly selected for a questionnaire survey to analyze the influential factors of drug safety and health education de- mand, and the difficulty sources of nursing staff in developing health education was explored. RESULTS： Totally 500 questionnaire was sent out to elderly patients with chronic diseases, 500 were effectively received with effective recovery of 100%; and totally 200 were sent out to nursing staff, 200 were effectively received with effective recovery of 100%. In the 500 surveyed patients, 193 had ADR, which was affected by age, educational background, monthly income, disease course, whether received health edu- cation, etc. （P〈0.05）, patients with older age, lower educational background and monthly income, longer disease course and no receiving health education showed higher incidence of ADR; the influential factors for health education demands included education- al background, occupational status, disease course, quality evaluation of nursing staff, etc. （P〈0.05）, patients with higher educa- tional background, lower disease course, higher occupational status and quality evaluation of nursing staff showed stronger health education demands. The difficulty sources of surveyed nursing staff in developing health education were busy work, being afraid of misunderstanding, embarrassing, cognitive and skill deficits. CONCLUSIONS： The drug safety of elderly patients with chronic dis- eases is related to many influential factors, as well as the health education demands. Nursing staff should continuously improve their ability and quality, combined with the above influential factors, carry out heahh education with physicians and pharmacists to ensure the medication safety.

关 键 词：老年慢性病患者 用药安全 药品不良反应 健康教育 需求 影响因素 调查分析 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]