重庆市4个中华蜜蜂地理种群形态及mtDNA多样性分析  

Morphological and mtDNA Diversity of Four Apis cerana cerana Populations in Chongqing

作　　者：宾先丽 刘璐[1] 谷瑛[1] 谭宏伟 王瑞生 周泽扬[1] 许金山[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学生命科学学院,重庆401331 [2]重庆市畜牧技术推广总站,重庆401121 [3]重庆市畜牧科学研究院,重庆402460

出　　处：《重庆师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第5期18-23,F0002,共7页Journal of Chongqing Normal University:Natural Science

基　　金：重庆师范大学成果转化重点项目(2015年)

摘　　要：选取重庆武陵山脉、大巴山脉以及大娄山脉的4个中华蜜蜂地理种群,对它们的形态和mtDNA非编码区遗传多样性进行了比较分析。6项形态指标聚类分析显示4个地理种群主要分为武隆-南川-江津支、南川-江津-城口支、城口支共3个大支。对mtDNA tRNAleu^COⅡ段的序列进行测定并分析其中的非编码区,发现4个地理种群呈现5个单倍型,包括3个共有单倍型和2个种群特有单倍型,整体单倍型多样度为0.754±0.005 59,核苷酸多样度为0.018 19。单倍型网络中介分析和聚类分析发现,单倍型H1,H3为武隆与城口中华蜜蜂所共有,与湖北荆门中华蜜蜂2个单倍型最为近缘,而与南川-江津中华蜜蜂单倍型H4距离较远;单倍型H2,H5分别为城口和南川中华蜜蜂所特有,单倍型H2起源于单倍型H3,单倍型H5与其余单倍型表现出分离。以上结果暗示重庆市4个中华蜜蜂地理种群形态分化与三大山脉地理环境具有关联性,但mtDNA多样性与地理无直接关系。In this study,four Apis cerana cerana populations,collected from Chonging Wuling,Daba and Dalou Mountains respectively,were subjected to survey their morphological diversity and haplotypes polymorphism.The cluster of six morphological indexes showed that these four populations can be formed three apparent clades,which included Wulong-Jiangjin clade,NachuanJiangjin-Chenkou clade and Chenkou clade.After sequencing and analyzing of non-coding region from mtDNA tRNAleu-COⅡ segment,these population presented five haplotypes,three of which were shared commonly and two were exclusive in a certain population.The haplotypes diversity of all populations surveyed here were computed to be 0.754±0.005 59,and nucleotides polymorphism were 0.018 19.Based on phylogenetic tree of haplotypes,it can be shown that haplotype H1 and H3,which shared commonly among Wulong and Chenkou Apis populations,were closely related to the two haplotypes from Jinmen of Hubei than haploytype H4 that shared among Nanchuan and Jiangjin populations;Haploytype H2 presented only in Chengkou populations and H5 only exist in Nanchuan populations.All the results above suggested that morphological diversity of Chongqing bees was related to the geographic distribution of Chongqing that surrounded by three mountains;however,there was no correlation between the mtDNA polymorphism of Chongqing bees and geographic distribution.

关 键 词：中华蜜蜂 形态 MTDNA 单倍型 多样性 

分 类 号：Q963[生物学—昆虫学]